How did the government operate the roman republic?

Answer 1

In normal conditions, Rome was ruled by the Senate. In times of emergency, like war, the Senate selected two co-dictators, who could make more rapid decisions than the Senate could, to rule in their place.

The final two co-dictators to ever rule Rome were Mark Anthony and Julius Caesar. However they got arguing in Egypt resulting in the death of Anthony. Caesar was killed soon after his return to Rome because he did not want to return power to the Senate.

Answer 2

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

Answer 3

The Roman Republic did not have a centralised government like a cabinet or an administration. They were five types of elected officers of state which carried out their duties independently within the remit of their type of office. The senior officers were the consuls (the heads of the city and the army), the praetors (the chiefs justice who oversaw the trials and the development of Roman law and could also lead an army if needed) and the censors (they enrolled the senators and could expel them for the senate; they oversaw and financed public works and were responsible for public morals -hence the modern meaning of the word). The junior officers were the quaestors (the treasurers) and the aediles. The aediles were responsible for the maintenance and repair of public buildings, sewers and aqueducts; for street cleaning and paving; for traffic regulations and for fire precautions. They supervised the baths and taverns. They enforced of sumptuary laws, punished of gamblers and usurers and enforced of public morals regulations. They checked the quality of sold articles and the accuracy of weights and measures. They supervised the purchase of corn for the grain dole for the poor. They also organised and supervised public games, which were frequent and an important feature of Roman public life. The term of office was one year for all the offices, except for the censors, who were elected every 18 months.

The plebeian tribunes represented the interest of the plebeians (commoners) and chaired the Plebeian council, which elected them annually. These tribunes were not officers of state.

The senate was not an elected body. It was an advisory council. It was a body where policies were discussed, the organisation of Rome's military campaigns was co-coordinated and the administration of the conquered territories was directed from. It supervised the treasures. It was not a legislative body, but it could issue decrees. Originally it was composed of men selected from the aristocracy and former senior officers of state who automatically became senators. Later junior officers of state were also included. The senate was dominated by the aristocracy and was the body through which this class exercised its power.

There were three popular assemblies. The Assembly of the Soldiers (comitia centuriata) elected the senior officers of state (the consuls, the praetors and the censors) voted on peace or war, and acted as a court of appeal for capital punishment cases. The Assembly of the Tribes (comitia tributa) elected the junior officers of state (the aediles and the quaestors) and acted as a court appeal for other cases. The function as court of appeal of these two assemblies was repealed by Lucius Cornelius Sulla in 82 BC, who transferred it to a special jury (quaestiones perpetuae). In the Early Republic bills were proposed by the consuls to the vote of the Assembly of the Soldiers. Later the plebeian tribunes proposed bills to the vote of the Plebeian Council (concilium plebis).

Answer 4

The Roman Republic did not have a centralised government like a cabinet or administration. There were five types of elected officers of state who carried out executive functions independently within the remit of their offices. Their term of office was one year, except for the censors who were elected every 18 months.

The plebeian tribunes were the representatives of the plebeians. They were not officers of state. They presided over the meeting of the Plebeian Council. They had the authority to appeal against actions by the officers of state they deemed to be harmful to the interests of the plebeians and they were the only people who could veto laws. However, they could veto the act of making a law, not the actual measure. Therefore, they had to be present when the act was taking place. From the Mid-Republic they became the main proposers of bills, which they submitted to the vote of the Plebeian Council, which became the main body for voting on bills. Their vote was called plebiscite and it is the origin of the current use of this term.

The Plebeian Council was one of three popular assemblies. The others were the Assembly of the Soldiers and the Assembly of the Tribes. The Assembly of the Soldiers voted on war and peace and elected the senior offices of state (consuls, praetors and censors) and acted as a court of appeal until 82 BC. The Assembly of the Tribes elected the junior officers of state (aediles and quaestors) and acted as a court of appeal for other cases, also until 82 BC. In 82 BC appeal cases were transferred to a special jury court, the quastiones perpetuae.

The senate was not an elected body. It members were aristocrats and former officers of state. It was an advisory body where policy issues were debated. It was not a legislative body and could vote on bills. It could only issue advice on bills. However, it could issue decrees. With territorial expansion it became the most powerful political body as it coordinated military operations, and became responsible for the administration of the provinces (conquered territories). It also supervised the treasurers (the questors).

Answer 5

The Roman Republic did not have a centralised executive, like a cabinet or an administration. The Romans elected all the executive officers of state. There were five types of officers of state who operated independently within the remit of their offices. They did not have joint cabinet meetings to discuss governmental policy together. This was because matters of policy were decided by the senate. They were elected annually, except for the censors who were elected every 18 months. Two consuls were the joint heads of the Republic. The praetors were chief justices, the censors held the census (which was more of a property assessment than a head count), oversaw public morality, enrolled the senators and commissioned public works; the aediles performed numerous administrative functions and the quaestors were the treasurers.

The senate was not an elected body. It was composed of patricians (aristocrats) and former executive officers of state. Its members were enrolled by the censors. It was not a legislative body either. It neither drafted bills not voted on legislation. It was meant to be an advisory body for the heads of the Republic (the consuls). It was the body where matters of policy were discussed and recommendations for the consuls were made. Although it policy resolutions were meant to be just advisory, the consuls rarely against them. This meant that it was the senate which usually made the policy decisions. Given that the term of office of the consuls and the other officers of state was only one year, the senate provided policy continuity. This made the senate the most powerful political body in the Republic. The senate also supervised the treasury and the quaestors. Imperial expansion made the senate even more powerful. It became the body which enabled the co-ordination of the deployment of several armies at the same time during Rome's various wars. It also co-ordinated the establishment of Roma colonies (settlements) around the empire and it became the body which provided the governors of the Roman provinces (conquered territories). The governors were chosen by the senators from among themselves.

The Roman Republic had three popular assemblies, the Assembly of the Soldiers which gathered all the soldiers; the Assembly of the Tribes which included all Roman citizens who one assembly for each of the tribes) which were Rome's administrative areas); and the Plebeian Council which was the assembly of the plebeians, the commoners. The Assembly of the Soldiers voted on war and peace and elected the senior officers of state (the consuls, the praetors and the censors). The voting system of this assembly was heavily stacked in favour of the rich. The Assembly of the Tribes elected the junior ones (the aediles and the quaestors). Until 82 BC the Assembly of the Soldiers also acted as a court of appeal for capital punishment cases and the Assembly of the Tribes acted as a court of appeal for other cases. The Plebeian Council elected the political representatives of the plebeians, the plebeian tribunes. They were not officers of state.

The plebeian tribunes presided over the meeting of the Plebeian Council. They had the authority to appeal against actions by the officers of state they deemed to be harmful to the interests of the plebeians and they were the only people who could veto laws. However, they could veto the act of making a law, not the actual measure. Therefore, they had to be present when the act was taking place.

In the Early Republic, bills were proposed by the consuls and were voted on by the soldiers gathered in the Assembly of the Soldiers. Later in the Republic the plebeian tribunes became the main proposers of bills and the Plebeian Council became the main legislative body. The resolutions of this council were called plebiscites, which is the origin of the current use of this word.

Answer 6

The republic in ancient Rome worked as all republics work, that is, the officials were elected by the people to speak for them. However in ancient Rome the voting was different from our present day voting as rather than having a "one man one vote" election, the Romans voted in blocks. This meant that in regard to legislation an entire tribe had only one vote no matter how large it was. In matters of electing officials themselves, the tribes were divided into assemblies witch elected certain officials and each assembly had only one vote.

Answer 7

reaad your text book and find out yourself

Answer 8

it had about 14 months