You can set up file sharing between windows 7 and Linux mint 16 by simply installing the Ext2 Installable File System on windows which allow windows to read and write into the Linux file system.
windows 98 windows 200 server windows xp and Linux
The best way between Linux and Windows is through Samba. Samba is an open source implementation of Microsoft's Server Message Block protocol, which is what Windows uses for file and print sharing. Between Linux boxes, however, it can be as simple as a networked filesystem.
"File-sharing" is a platform-independent concept, that of sharing files between computers. If you are referring to the service / file system that allows other computers on the same network to access files on the local computer, this is usually done with NFS (Network File System). For compatibility with Windows, it is also possible to use Samba.
If you want to share files with other linux computer use NFS. If you want to share files with windows computer use SAMBA.
Windows uses 4 file systems: FAT, NTFS, exFAT, and ReFS. "Linux" supports dozens of file systems, there are too many to mention. The differences between them are massive and specific to the file system in question. For a proper answer you need to read http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system . It is incorrect to say "the Linux file system is faster than Windows" because it's dependent on the data, and of course because there is no "Linux file system." It's incorrect to say "The Linux filesystem is more/less secure than the Windows file system" for the same reason. Drive encryption is available in both Windows and Linux. To the average user, there is no functional difference.
XP and 7 supports file sharing through network or any Windows supported storage device.
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There are programs you can download that will read Linux file systems. Common file systems are ext2 and ext3.
There is plenty of software which allows Linux to work with NTFS file system. For windows there is not as much. But I think Acronis "Backup and Recovery" allows you to read Linux file systems under windows.
Samba is the open source implementation of Microsoft's "Server Message Block" protocol. This is the protocol Windows uses for file and print sharing. Samba is therefore primarily meant for interoperability between Linux and Windows on the same network so Windows can access shares on a Linux machine. Samba is also useful for non-Windows devices that only ever assume what you will run is Windows on your network. Consumer-level media devices like Blu-Ray players that allow streaming of media from your computer are especially guilty of this.
You can type in smb//192.168.1.1/ into a file manager window (put the windows computers IP address in there though)
simple file sharing