ANS reflex arcs are stimulated by input from sensory or visceral receptors. The signals are processed in the hypothalamus (or regions of the spinal cord) and target effector control is then regulated via myelinated preganglionic neurons
A spinal reflex is a reflex that is centered in the spinal cord. The parts of the nervous system in one of these include the spinal cord as well as deep tendon nerves and sensory nerves.
The medulla oblongata is responsible for regulating several basic functions of the autonomic nervous system, including respiration, cardiac function, vasodilation, and reflexes like vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and swallowing.
Ganglion
I'm not positive, but I think that reflexes are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which is part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The SNS is responsible for fight-or-flight responses. For example, if you see a shark coming directly at you, you decide to try to either get away from it (flight) or fight it off (fight). Reflexes are mediated by reflex arcs, which are neural pathways. Some sensory neurons pass directly to the synapse of the spinal cord, rather than the brain. This allows reflexes to occur relatively quickly.
The withdrawal reflex is both a somatic and autonomic reflex (brain). Withdrawal from a painful stimulus is one test used in brain injury. Without the somatic connection to the autonomic brain areas, you'd have no withdrawal reflex at all when something interferes with that connection (such as brain injury or brain death).
Many authors refer to the CNS portion of the reflex arc as the integration center.In regards to a monosynaptic reflex arc, the synapse is the only portion of the integration center.Polysynaptic reflex arcs, have multiple synapses and interneuron(s).
monsynaptic reflex arcs
An autonomic reflex arc is similar to the somatic kind, but differs principally in the motor output side. The sensory side is similar in that a transducer sends a signal via a nerve fiber into the CNS. As with the somatic arc, this sensory fiber is associated with a pseudo-unipolar neuron in a craniospinal ganglion, usually one of the dorsal root ganglia. In the autonomic arc, the sensory transducer is often located in or associated with visceral organs.
monosynaptic reflex arcs
Please restate this question for clarification...
to protect our body from harmful stuff.
The pathway that an impulse travels from your foot back to your leg is an example of a reflex arc. A reflex arc includes a sensory receptor (in this case, a receptor in your toe), sensory neuron, motor neuron, and effector (leg muscle). Some reflex arcs include interneurons. In other reflex arcs, a sensory neuron communicates directly with a motor neuron.