Through the process of meiosis.
Plants produce spores during the gametophyte, or haploid, stages. Spores are the sex cells for the plant. The spores will then germinate and produce new plants.
Ferns produce spores as their means of procreation as other plants produce seeds.
Plants produce spores during the gametophyte, or haploid, stages. Spores are the sex cells for the plant. The spores will then germinate and produce new plants.
flowering plants don't produce spores - they produce pollen
spores
gametophytes
spores
The gametophyte stage
gametophyte stage
No plants release oxygen
Spores are produced during sporogenesis, which is found specifically in plants, algae and fungi. No animals currently produce spores as a method of reproduction.
meiosis