How do you affect emperor penguin?

Answer 1

Emperor Penguins

Emperor Penguin

There is definitely no mistaking the colourful emperor penguin and standing over a metre tall they are the largest in the family. These Antarctic specialists endure the worst breeding conditions of any bird. March there is intense competition between the females for a mate.

Emperor penguins are excellent swimmers but on land they either shuffle along or slide about on their bellies.

All penguins live in the southern half of the world. Emperor penguins live in the Antarctic. Only two groups of penguins (Adelie and the Emperors) stay in the same environment all year long. Both Adelie and Emperor penguins can stay alive in cold weather longer than any other animal in the world. Emperors are preyed upon by Killer Whales, Leopard Seals, and the Giant Petrel. The most dangerous enemy is the Leopard Seal. But a healthy penguin can usually swim faster than a Leopard Seal.

Asia

Europe

North America

The Penguins' live at this part of Antarctica.

Africa

South America

Antarctica

Swimming and Diving

Wings (Flippers)

The Emperor Penguin's wings are shaped like flippers. When the Penguin swims its flippers move in the same way as other birds would move their wings while flying. That's why they look like they're flying through the water. The wing muscle and the breast muscles are well developed, so they can propel the penguin through water much quicker.

Porpoising

Penguins don't have gills and need to breathe above water, and that's were porpoising comes in handy. When a penguin porpoises it leaps in and out of the water to let it breathe. Unlike humans when it breathes it doesn't slow down. If getting chased by predators it may also porpoise because it might put the predator of.

Bones

The penguin's bones are very dense and heavy; that is why they can't fly, but this actually an adaptation. It helps them to dive at deeper depths. The bones act as a diver's weight belt would and keeps them underwater.

How Deep

The emperor penguin has been recorded to dive down 532 meters down and that penguin also was underwater for 22 minutes in one breath. That dive was extremely big and the normal dive is around 20-25 meters deep and are around 2-8 minutes long. The reason the emperor penguins dive so deep is that they like eating squids and fishes which live around 20 meters below the surface.

Heart Rate

When the emperor penguin dives deep its heart rate can go down extremely low. The world record is 6 beats per minute (bpm) and when the penguin came up its heart rate was 256 beats per minute. This is really quite amazing; considering they have to work to swim that deep.

Temperature of body

During all dives the temperature skin and limbs drop but the organs and veins are maintained at normal temperature. So the penguin doesn't die.

Thermoregulation

(Keeping themselves at the right temperature)

Feathers

The penguins feathers overlap make a nearly impenetrable surface to wind or water. The feathers act as a waterproof coat which the penguins rely on to stop them from freezing as they are diving in waters as cold a -2 degrees Celsius. Tufts of down on feathers trap air, which provides around 82% of the thermal insulation for the penguins, in other words; it does 82% of the keeping the penguin warm. The black feathers also serve another purpose they absorb the heat of the sun. But for 3 months of the year the arctic is completely dark so it only serves its purpose sometimes.

Fat

A fat layer helps insulation in cold water, but needs help from the air layer in the feathers to keep the penguin warm.

Other Things

The emperor penguin, when on land, balances on its heels and tail reducing the contact on the ice to the minimum. When the males are incubating their eggs, as many as 600 of them huddle together to preserve heat.

A penguin's circulatory system can also help perverse or let out heat.

When the Penguin is cold all of the penguin's heat in the blood going to the flippers and legs transfers and goes back to the heart in the center of the body.

When the Penguin is to warm all the blood vessels in the skin dilate which means they come to the surface letting all the heat out of the body.

Protection against Predators

The penguins' skin serves a lot of purposes for Penguins but one of the main purposes is camouflage. When a predator is looking from underneath the penguins the penguins look like the snow and ice. When predators look from above when the penguins are diving deep the penguins' black body looks like the ocean because it's so dark in the depths of the ocean.

How Penguins Protect Themselves from Leopard SealsThere is not much penguins can do to protect themselves from leopard seals in one on one combat, except to avoid them. Although penguins do bite occasionally, they don't have teeth, and a beak-bite from a penguin certainly won't keep a leopard seal from eating them. But this behavioral adaptation helps the Penguins avoid the leopard seals eating them. The penguins stick together and remain well away that there will be leopard seals out there. If one penguin notices a seal, it makes an alert the other penguins. After they receive that alert they all huddle closely together and hope that the leopard seal won't find a straggler.