He must have to wait and after sometime he have to reapply for UK Visa or he can make appeal against Visa refusal. But I suggest that he must consultant with some experienced solicitors who have proper knowledge about refusal appeal. In this regard Julia & Rana Solicitors in Pakistan provide best services. So one must consult with them for their UK visa Refusal Appeal.
what is the difference between refusal and denial
No, a UK visa is only valid for the UK. You need a "Schengen visa" for Switzerland.
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Yes, the decision of not granting Schengen visa can be appealed. Unfortunately the process is not universal meaning that not every embassy or consulate follows the same procedures. Even the appeal period varies from country to country. Some countries provide 30 days visa appeal perido and some countries provide 60 days visa appeal period. In any case, whether you can or cannot appeal visa would be mentioned on the decision letter.
Yes. A UK visa is not a valid Dubai visa
No need for a visa, as the UK is a participant in the Visa Waiver Program.
No A UK visa is only valid for the UK. For most European countries, if you need a visa it will be a so-called 'Schengen visa', which is valid for 29 countries. But the UK is not a member of Schengen.
It depends on what the VISA was denied for. Example if your wife has HIV, you wouldn't appeal. Usually you may appeal the case.
I once traveled to Switzerland on my UK visa.
No. Northern Ireland is part of the UK, so the visa will cover it.
You can establish your own business in the UK if you have the UK work visa.