An IP address comes in two formats: ipV4 and ipV6. In IpV4 32 bits are allocated to the IP address. In IpV6, 128 bits are allocated to the address. This is done by the protocol and is a standard for developing an IP address.
The number of bits assigned to the host in an IP address determines the maximum number of devices that can be connected to a particular network. Specifically, it defines the size of the host portion of the address, which dictates how many unique addresses are available for devices within that network. The more bits allocated to the host, the larger the potential number of devices, but this reduces the number of bits available for network identification. Conversely, fewer host bits allow for more networks but limit the number of devices per network.
The maximum number of host bits that can be borrowed from a class A address is 22 (technically you could borrow 23 but the resulting network would be useless). A class A address uses 8 bits for its network address and 24 bits for its host addresses. Class A uses a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0 You can only borrow 22 bits (instead of 24) because a valid network requires 4 addresses: A network address, two host addresses and a broadcast address. These networks would result in 30 bits used for the network address and 2 bits used for the host addresses. These networks use a subnet mask of 255.255.255.252
Thirty bits make up the network portion of a class C address. Three bits are borrowed for the subnet mask. There is also a class A and a class B that are comprised of bits.
When we express an IPv4 network address, we add a prefix length to the network address. The prefix length is the number of bits in the address that gives us the network portion. For example, in 172.16.4.0 /24, the /24 is the prefix length - it tells us that the first 24 bits are the network address. This leaves the remaining 8 bits, the last octet, as the host portion.
It depends on the book, but is usually known as the extended network prefix.
The network part of an IP address indicates the network to which the host belongs. The host bits or host part of an IP address points to the actual device that has an IP address on the network. It can be a computer, printer, router or any device with an IP address that has the same network part.
To determine the number of bits in the subnetted ID of 185.27.54.0, you need to know the subnet mask used. However, if it’s a standard Class B address (which uses a default mask of 255.255.0.0), it has 16 bits for the network portion. If the address is subnetted further, additional bits are borrowed from the host portion, increasing the network bit count. For example, if a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 is used, then there would be 24 bits in the subnetted ID.
To calculate the virtual address space for a given system, you need to determine the number of bits used for addressing in the system's memory architecture. The virtual address space is typically 2 raised to the power of the number of bits used for addressing, which gives you the total number of unique memory addresses that can be accessed by the system.
the 1 bits
class A
In IPv4, there are a total of 32 bits in an IP address. The number of network and host bits varies depending on the subnet mask used. Typically, the first part of the bits represents the network portion, while the remaining bits represent the host portion. For example, in a common subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (or /24), there are 24 bits for the network and 8 bits for hosts.
Subnet Mask