It is more normal to shut off the water supply at the suppliers stopcock (at the edge of your property near the road) when you need to do this. If you can not find the main stopcock to do this, contact your supplier.
If you must resort to freezing the mains before your stopcock, you need to get a qualified plumber to do this for you.
Shut off valve at the wall? Turn the main water line off and change it. How you change it would depend on what type it is and how it attaches to the pipe.
It's a valve that regulates the main water pipe.
Water not on at street 'city' valve, or other valves--after inside main valve--off.
There is usually a main water valve that comes into the house, locate this valve and turn it down. Installing a pressure reducing valve after water main valve will allow for adjustment of water pressure to proper setting.
A water Toby is a shut valve at a water main
You turn off the water valve before it -probably on the sidewalk, or just on your front yard. Then remove the main valve and replace it. NOT a job for amateurs. I hope you have some experience at least.
The valve seat or washer on the main valve are not seating/sealing properly.
Outside at the main shut off valve. Showers/Bathtubs do not normally have a shutoff valve like sinks and toilets. The main water valve for the house must be turned off.
I'm not being stupid, you just change it. How ever it is installed, threaded on, sweated or compression fitting, remove and replace. I'm assuming water. There is another shut off valve further down the line. If it is the main shut off in the house, there is one at the meter. Shut the water off, drain the pipes and change it.
Water will run until a valve or pump is shut off upstream from water main break.
After a main water valve is closed the system's PVC pipes are still full of water and will drain to the lowest sprinkler head until the system is empty.
the without change part is the most difficult part of the answer. Change the valve. Mine was less than $100. You have a runaway gas valve-the other contributor is right-replace the gas valve asap.