First off, you should shut off the water source. Then you must drain the pipe. After that you can clean up the area to be soldered, apply some flux. Now you are ready to solder.
The pipe doesn't need to be bone dry, since it will dry as you solder from the heat.
Lead is toxic to humans (causes brain damage) thus when using a solder to join copper water pipes it is best not to use a solder containing lead as this will get into the water passing through the pipes and slowly poison the user of this water.
That cant be done because as long as there is water in them the temperature of the pipe wont go up enough to allow the solder to flow. you have to remove the water.
It is called Brazing rods or lead free solder
Lead free solder for potable water pipes
Copper is used as hot water pipes because the copper will not corrode when the hot water goes through the pipes
Copper is used as hot water pipes because the copper will not corrode when the hot water goes through the pipes
I can't think you are talking drinking water pipes because anitfreeze is poisonous. Nor should you have lead pipes or lead solder in drinking water pipes. So either sleeve pipes or heating pipes then. Antifreeze has inhibitors designed to prevent corrosion.
50psi is a safe route. No problems there. the fittings can largely effect the pressure effect noticed once the water leaves the pipes.
Copper
Sweating copper is a method of joining two pieces of copper, generally copper pipes. The surfaces to be joined are first cleaned, then heated generally with a gas torch, then a flux is applied (flux is a material to prevent oxidation of the copper when heated) then a film of solder is run onto the cleaned surfaces whilst hot. This solder is "wiped" off leaving a fine film of solder on the copper. This is generally referred to as priming. The two surfaces can now be soldered together to make a water tight joint. Sometime bronze is used instead of solder but the operation is similar.
to keep lead out of drinking water pipes.
Copper