First you must properly warm the horse up, once this is done, you may begin jumping. It's best to make a circle then come off of the circle onto a straight line and head for the center of the jump, don't worry about seeing/counting strides just let the horse do the work. As the horse takes off do not throw yourself forward trying to 'help' the horse jump this is bad form and hinders the horse. Just let the motion of the jump carry you into a nice jumping position and remember to sit back down lightly in the saddle after the horse has touched down on the other side.
The name of this sort of jump is the Cavalletti.
a hitching post
Try putting a pole/s down coming up to the jump to guide their strides
It might be the type of jump that scares him. If the jump is brightly colored or has loose pieces it might scare him. It also might be that you are doing something wrong. Have a friend or riding instructor watch you and the horse jump.
Horses usually knock the pole down over a jump because they are being lazy or didn't get a good start off the ground. Make sure your horse has enough speed, so that when they jump, they'll lift their front legs higher. You can also practice jumping "X" jumps. It will help teach your horse to pick their legs up.
The name of that jump is cross rails. It is usually what people use as there first jumps when there learning.
It is a pole you place below the jump to make it easier for the horse to assess the size of the fence and the take of point.
Steeple chase
Just let your horse sniff and check out what the pole is then go up to the pole and if your horse spooks out just keep going towards the pole until your horse finally will go over the pole.
A pole vault.
if your horse refuses the jump, you turn the horse around in a circle, then go a little ways away from the jump, (but not too far giving the horse time to think about how to get away with going over the jump) and then (if the jump is not too large) trot your horse over the jump giving it leg pressure up to the jump to coax it to jump. (its easier to trot over the jump than canter when your horse doesn't want to jump it) if your horse refuses a jump during a show, this will count down points but if your horse refuses a few times you are disqualified. hope that helps!
yes any breed or type of horse can jump, how well they jump depends on how well the horse was trained.