What specifically are you wiring? A light bulb would operate dim, a motor will burn up. The current increases thereby requiring larger wire and current protection.
Don't!
With one interpretation of this question, the answer would be two 120V wires and a ground.
120v and 240v cords usually have different end configurations and will not plug into the different recepticles. However, if you changed the plug end, and the cord has the proper size rating, then yes, you could use the same cord. But, it also depends on the cord too. Most 120v cords only have three wires in them. One "hot one "neutral" and one "ground" wire. A 240v cord would have FOUR wires, two "hot" wires, one neutral wire, and one ground wire. Therefore, if you changed the voltage from 120v to 240 using a 3 wire cord, you'd not have a ground wire and that could be VERY dangerous. Note that occasionally a 240v device (e.g. some motors) will only need three wires (red,black,green, no neutral) and can be wired with a 120v cord if the cord is rated for 240v.
No.
In the US, both 120v and 240v will be needed for your home, as different appliances need different voltages. Your TV needs 120V, while your electric dryer and stove will need a 120V/240V supply. If you have an electric water heater, or central AC unit, they will need a 240V supply.
Because they are "in-phase". In order to get 240v, you need two 120v Alternating Current lines that are 180° out of phase, that is, opposite phases. Only when one line is +120v and the other -120v will you see 240v between the wires.
You have to replace the wire (as you are increasing the current capacity), the outlet, and the breaker. Essentially you have to remove the old circuit and put in a new one. You can't reuse parts of the old circuit as you are increasing the current capacity and they would be underrated.
No, SJ type wire is not rated for 277V application. This wire is typically designed for lower voltage applications such as 120V or 240V. It is important to use wire with the appropriate voltage rating to ensure safety and compliance with electrical codes and standards.
4 wire household wiring is black, red, (hot wires) white (neutral) and bare or green (ground wire). You say 3 wires. Is it 120v or 240v. If its 240v which is more common just use the two hots and the ground and cap off the neutral wire.
Off hand no but your explanations are not clear as to who is doing what to whom,,
If the 240V 3-phase service is 240V phase-to-phase, then you can get 240V single-phase by simply picking two phases (poles, as used in the question) and connecting the load across them. This is simply one third of a standard delta connection. If you need 120V/240V split phase, i.e. with a neutral, as used in residential services, you will need a transformer. If the service is actually a four wire "quadraplex" service, however, you will probably already have that 120V/240V with neutral connection phase available. In this case, you will need to pick the two phases correctly in order to get the proper 120V service half.
You can use 120v 10a 125w cable projectors 110-240v power in India.