A mutation in a sex cell means that the mutation can be passed on to the individuals offspring. If the mutation just occurred in a somatic cell, it would not be passed down.
It only affects the offspring of the organism.
Mutations in sex cells can be passed on to children. Mutations in sex cells only affect offspring. Mutations in sex cells do not affect the organism.
b: the organism, but not its offspring
A mutation in a sex cell can be passed on to offspring and affect future generations, while a mutation in a non-sex cell generally only impacts the individual in which it occurs. Additionally, mutations in sex cells can lead to hereditary conditions, while mutations in non-sex cells are typically not passed on to offspring.
A mutation does not affect an organism trait for a reason. It is neutral which depends on the environment.
Chromosomal mutation
Not all mutations are harmful. A mutation the give the organism antibiotic resistance, for example, is quite helpful. A different mutation that causes a necessary protein to misfold may result in death. In general mutations that affect proteins that are necessary for life will result in the death of the organism. One such mutation is in the protein p53 which is necessary to prevent a cell from growing uncontrollable (cancer). A mutation in p53 could result in a cell with damaged DNA to reproduce - this is what we call cancer.
A mutation in a sex cell, such as a sperm or egg cell, can be passed on to offspring and affect future generations. In contrast, a mutation in a non-sex cell will only affect the individual and is not passed on to offspring.
A point mutation is a mutation that can affect the gametes of an organism. This type of mutation involves a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence, which can result in altered genetic information being passed on to offspring.
It is possible for a point mutation to not change the sequence of amino acids in a protein. This will result in the protein being unchanged and will not affect the phenotype.
A mutation in a sex cell (gamete) can be passed on to the next generation, potentially affecting the offspring's traits and contributing to evolution. In contrast, a mutation in a non-sex cell (somatic cell) affects only the individual organism and cannot be inherited by future generations. This distinction highlights the role of sex cell mutations in genetic diversity, while somatic mutations primarily affect the health and function of the individual.
A mutation in a sperm or egg cell means that the mutation while most likely be passed down to the offspring of that organism. If the mutation is in anything but a gamete, it will not be passed down.