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Oxygen and other gases can dissolve in water just like solid solutes (such as sugar or salt).

The total amount of oxygen that can be dissolved in water depends on a number of factors, one of which being temperature. Unlike most solids, gases dissolve better in colder solvent. Colder water can hold more dissolved O2. Therefore, as water is warmed, the oxygen and other atmospheric gases come out of solution.

You can see this happen if you take a sealed bottle of cold water and let it warm up slowly at room temperature. Disregarding the droplets of condensation that might form on the outside of the bottle, you can see tiny bubbles forming along the interior walls of the bottle.

Marine biologists postulate that it is cold water's ability to hold greater concentrations of oxygen that allows polar marine species such as king crab and deep-sea jellyfish to grow so large.

On a more practical note, this is also why you should open fizzy drinks when the liquid is cold to prevent losing more carbon dioxide (unless you enjoy flat soda).

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Q: How does cold temperature affect the oxygen in cold water?
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