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The correctness of either Prim's or Kruskal's algorithm, is not affected by negative edges in the graph. They both work fine with negative edges. The question boils down to "Does a Priority Queue of numbers work with negative numbers?" because of the fact that both Prim's and Kruskal's algorithm use a priority queue. Of course -- as negative numbers are simply numbers smaller than 0. The "<" sign will still work with negative numbers.
Harder than work piece High thermal conductivity High heat transfer coefficient
That will depend on the degree of the damage to the fins. If some of the fins are slightly bent there should be no problem at all. On the other hand if several of the fins are broken off the cooling will probably not be adequate, Is the microprocessor's internal temperature sensor reporting an unusually high temperature (this is the easiest way to tell if cooling is working right or not)?
ambient temp is the outside air temp
Newer oxygen sensors are heated for accuracy. If the heater element goes bad the oxygen sensor doesn't work and needs to be replaced. If you have an oxygen sensor heater malfunction, it just means that the oxygen sensor has failed.
Coolant Temperature Sensor
I don't think it has a IAT sensor, but it does have a temperature vacuum switch to work the heated air door.
Check to make sure that the temperature sensor is good. A bad sensor is commonly the cause of the temperature gauge not working.
Bad gauge or defective coolant temperature sensor
The air temperature sensor works regardless of your location. It does take a fraction of a minute to calibrate, however.
Could be the coolant temperature sensor.
Your temperature sensor or a fuse is bad.
It has a 5v volt supply to its fanny, it normally has a two wires from the sensor it can be sold to richard lincoln for a price of £5
A quartz temperature sensor inside a vial in a freeze dryer works by measuring the frequency of the quartz crystal. The quartz crystal is designed to vibrate at a specific frequency when it is exposed to a certain temperature. As the temperature inside the vial changes, the frequency of the quartz crystal changes as well. The frequency is then measured by the temperature sensor and compared to a reference temperature, allowing the freeze dryer to accurately measure and control the temperature of the vial.
It is common for there to be three temperature sensors, one for air, one for the EFI computer and one for the gauge, so yes the sensor can fail and the gauge will still work because it is a different sensor.
There should be a second sensor, located near the exhaust manifold. One snesor controls the fan, the other controls the gauge.
Thermostats operate in a way so as to control (through their extensions) temperature about a selected setpoint. Some are fixed and some can have the setpoints selected. There must be some "sensor" in the device that will react to changes in temperature. The response of the "sensor" is used to direct intervention to affect control of the temperature. Wikipedia has a good post on the different types of thermostat and how they work. A link is provided.