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Scar tissue is formed when the depth of injury penetrates the dermis.
Scar tissue occurs in 4 phases:
1.Inflammatory phase.
In this phase,blood clot forms around the edges of the injury.
Blood vessels dilate, macrophages migrate to the site of injury to clean up dead cells or other unwanted organism.
the macrophages activate fibroblast response.

2.Migratory phase
In this phase, scab ,a hard coating on the skin formed during the wound healing,is formed.
Epithelial tissue migrate beneath the scab to bridge the wound.
Fibroblasts proliferate in the deeper part of the wound
These fibroblasts begin to synthesize small amounts of collagen which acts as a scaffold for migration and further fibroblast proliferation.
Blood vessels begin to grow.
Granulation tissue refers all the tissue involved in filling the wound.

3.The proliferative phase
-Growth of the epithelial tissue closing the wound
-continued growth of blood vessels.
-Collagen fibers are laid randomly

4.Maturation phase
-The scab sloughs off from the epidermis
-collagen fibers become more organized
-fibroblasts decrease in number
-blood vessels restored to normal

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