The law includes special exemptions for the blind or visually impaired, allowing one-to-one copying of a lawfully obtained work into a useable format such as Braille, large print, audio tape, or a digital copy compatible with screen-reading technology.
Currently, action is being taken against TorrentFreak for copyright infringement.
Inventions are protected by patent law.
An invention or idea cannot be protected by copyright, only by patent. The content of a description of an invention cannot be protected by patent, only by copyright. Printed matter recorded on a CD cannot be protected by patent, only by copyright. The way printed matter FUNCTIONS on a CD can be protected by patent but not copyright. The way the same material can be USED can be protected by copyright AND patent. You cannot patent or copyright something that was copied from someone else's work. So the answer would depend upon what aspect of CDs you're referring to.
Design can be protected by a design patent, and often copyright. It depends on whether the design is more highly technical (as computer chip design) or artistic (as a wallpaper design).
You cannot patent a cartoon, although you might patent an ornamental product design based upon the cartoon. Cartoons are generally protected by copyright, not patents. Copyright is free and automatic, in most countries (including the USA), from the moment the first draft is created.
If the bottle is protected by copyright, there may be a notification on the bottom, although notification is not required for protection. It is more likely that the bottle would be protected by trademark as trade dress (i.e. packaging), or even a design patent. Copyright protection is comparatively unlikely.
While a patent or copyright is held by a company or a person, no one else can use that product or copyrighted material (also known as intellectual property) without the permission of the patent/copyright holder which usually involves some kind of compensation. If someone wants to use one of these products or materials, and can't come to an agreement with the patent/copyright holder, then they are motivated to produce a variation or an improvement on it and get their own patent/copyright for themselves. New products and materials are developed all the time to compete with an existing patent or copyright.
They aren't; if they are of a particularly novel and non-obvious design, they may be protected by patent law.
Design patents are available to protect ornamental designs of functional items, such as furniture, computer icons, telephone and computer casings, and more. If this is your area of work, you may wish to apply for a patent for a particular design. Other types of design can be protected by copyright or trademark.
Ideas cannot be protected by copyright. If your idea is a new process, you may wish to seek patent protection for it.
A copyright is a document granting exclusive right to copy, publish and sell literary or musical or artistic work. You need a patent to protect a design idea. You can go to www.uspto.gov to undertake the patent process; however, it is recommended that you consult a patent attorney. You may copyright some types of designs, such as the design of a building, sculpture, web page, computer program or a cartoon character. Other designs are best protected with a trademark, where the design is used in association with your goods and services. A design of a mask work, for an integrated circuit, can be registered in the copyright office, as can the design for the hull of a vessel. Finally, as suggested above, if your design for the ornamental appearance of an object meets various criteria, you might qualify for a design patent. In fact, you may combine copyright, trademark and patent protection on the same design, if it qualifies. There are limitations of each type of protection. For example, a copyright cannot protect any functional aspect of an otherwise ornamental design, a trademark only protects a design when used on a product or service, and a functional patent only lasts 20 years or 14 for a design patent. The costs and jurisdictional scope for each type of protection also vary widely.
No, you would patent the wheels on a bus, not copyright.