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How far could Big Bertha fire?
60 miles
What was the range of the guns of navarone?
The artillery pieces appeared to be patterned after the famous 280mm (eleven inch in caliber- on the nose!) Railroad guns popularily called Big Berthas. These were made by Krupp and had an accurate tactical range of over 2l miles- and inaccurate plunging fire far beyond that. That is why they used Radar fire-control in the film. The Big Berthas were used in both RR and in this case turret mounts, in both World Wars.
Why was the cannon so important in World War 1 and World War 2?
There were several reasons. Throughout history up until WWI, artillery was a "line of sight" weapon. The gunners had to be able to see what they were shooting at to be sure of doing much damage. They could fling heavy shells into a city under siege, as was done in the Civil War, if they did not particularly care what they hit, if anything. But by the time of the Civil War there were already artillery pieces which could fire accurately up to four miles or more, and that's getting to be pretty far for a line of sight weapon. There were several developments before WWI, but probably the most important was battlefield communications. With the new field telephones, forward observers could communicate with the artillery behind the front lines, and adjust the fire, correcting the aim of the gunners and get their shells on target. Types of ammunition, fuses, explosives, all were much improved in WWI over what had been available previously. Hydraulic recoil mechanisms, pioneered by the French on their famous 75MM "rapid fire" cannon were a tremendous advance. In earlier wars after each discharge of the gun it had to be wrestled back "into battery", into proper position to fire the next shot, by the gun crew, by hand. The guns could weigh a ton, so this was not easy. With hydraulic recoil mechanisms the gun remained stationary. The French "75" with a well trained crew could have seven more shells in the air, on the way, by the time the first one hit the target. The Industrial Revolution was far advanced and meant that there were factories capable of producing modern cannon and mountains of ammunition for them. Aircraft could be used to spot targets and to send message, by wireless telegraph, to correct aim. By WWII there were voice radios, allowing even better fire control by forward observers with the front-line troops. Voice radio-equipped aircraft were better for spotting targets and adjusting fire. There was better coordination between air controllers and ground troops. The Field Artillery branch of the US Army was the best of the US combat arms in WWII. We had the capability of drenching a target with preparatory fire before an attack, and of calling in artillery fire from batteries "on call" to take such missions to break up enemy attacks. The US infantry divisions of WWII were actually pretty short on rifle strength, but had a tremendous organic artillery component, with three battalions of 105MM howitzers and one battalion of 155MM howitzers. Additionally, each of the three regiments in an infantry division had a cannon company. On top of these there were hundreds of "independent" battalions, not a part of any division, assigned to a corps or army HQ, of artillery of various calibers, called the "corps artillery" or "army artillery" for additional firepower. Our enemies were jealous of all these barrels available and the lavish supplies of ammunition for them (and half of all artillery ammunition manufactured during the war never even made it overseas). The Germans had some excellent artillery, particularly their famed "88", but the ammunition was often short. US gunners had also developed a particularly devastating tactic just before WWII, still used today, called "Time On Target" (TOT). Using this, mathematics were used to calculate so that every gun within range of a given target could fire so that ALL their shells arrived on the target at the same instant. Very devastating and VERY demoralizing to enemy troops on the receiving end. A great secret weapon of the war was the "proximity fuse". This was an artillery fuse which was actually a tiny radar set in the nose of the artillery shell. Shooting anti-aircraft artillery at enemy planes had been a matter of estimation and luck before - of altitude, speed and distance to target, so the fuses could be set to explode, it was hoped, near the planes. Now all that had to be done was fire so that the shell passed close to the enemy plane, and the proximity fuse would detonate the shell when close enough to destroy the plane. At first these were used only by the US Navy and only when in deep water, so there would be absolutely no possibility of the enemy recovering an unexploded shell equipped with a proximity fuse and learning its secrets. This was the reason for the devastating effectiveness of anti-aircraft gunnery against the Japanese in the Pacific. By late in the war though the proximity fuse was cleared for use by the field artillery of the army, where it could be used to produce air bursts over enemy troops dug in, in fox holes or trenches, and rain shrapnel down on them.
The Career of a Field Artillery Officer?
The job of field artillery officer is offered by the United States Army. The field artillery branch is the branch that is responsible for using modern weaponry such as rocket, missile fire and cannon to neutralize an enemy. The job of a field artillery officer is to lead these operations. Therefore, they must be well versed in combat tactics, the techniques used by the Army and how to support these systems. They must also be able to coordinate soldiers of all levels, including units that may have 200 soldiers or more. A good field artillery officer should also be able to teach combat training and various field artillery skills. Leadership is one of the most important skills required for this job. Field artillery officers must also be in peak physical condition and able to perform under extreme pressure. In order to become a field artillery officer, an individual must first complete basic training for the Army. Then, they must complete the field artillery officer basic course which provides education in fire support, fire direction and platoon leadership. The next step is to complete twelve months of training in the field. Certifications can be obtained by passing the Artillery Safety Certification Examination. Additional training and educational courses are provided by the Army. Experience and time spent in the field are held in high regard and help with promotion through the ranks. The average salary for a field artillery officer is $60,000. This is, of course, an average. Actual salaries may vary depending on rank and experience as well as where the individual is stationed. The Army also offers perks along with a yearly salary. Benefits and housing are among those perks. There are very few drawbacks to this career. One of the major ones is that the field artillery officer must spend time stationed somewhere that might be far away from home or family. This can place stress on both the solider and the family, although it is not uncommon with military careers. The outlook for the career of field artillery officer is very positive. As technology increases and advances, field artillery will also advance. Therefore, the Army will need qualified field artillery officers to lead soldiers in this area. The outlook for the career of field artillery officer is very positive. As technology increases and advances, field artillery will also advance. Therefore, the Army will need qualified field artillery officers to lead soldiers in this area.
Creeping Barrage in World War 1?
A creeping barrage was a tactic used by the artillery to support at attack. The artillery would begin by pounding the enemy position until the infantry attack was scheduled to go in across No Man's Land. Allowing so many minutes - calculated in the planning - for the infantry to get across to the enemy line, then the artillery fire would be shifted back a certain distance every minute or two minutes - for example maybe 100 yards every two minutes, on the assumption that the infantry would have gotten to their first objectives and would be able to follow along as the barrage was "creeping" deeper into enemy territory. It was an attempt at coordinating the artillery to give the maximum cover and support for attacking infantry. WWI was the first large war where artillery was no longer a "line of sight" weapon. The cannoneers were too far back, with their modern long range weapons, to see what they were shooting at. Reliable communications between "forward observers" with the attacking troops, who could call back adjustments to the firing artillery to adjust and correct their aim, were still one war away in the future. There were field telephones, but these were unreliable and the wires were often broken. In the absence of the ability to correct their aim with real time information, the creeping barrage was an ingenious attempt at coordination, that rarely worked out in practice as planned.
What is the furthest that modern artillery can shoot?
The large naval artillery could fire a round 23 miles. The army and coastal artillery could fire about that far. Field Artillery were not as large and had a shorter range. Modern artillery has used rocket assisted artillery shells but I'm not sure of the range of those.
How far could German artillery shells go in 1914 1918?
German rail guns could fire a shell about 20 miles.
What were artillery barrages in World War 1?
Timed and massed, artillary guns would fire on fixed targets in various and increasingly complex patterns. The idea was that the overwhelming and concentrated fire was far more effect than individual guns firing on their own.
How far away from a fire should you park?
Depends on the size of the fire. I will park as far away as I could.
How far could Big Bertha fire?
60 miles
How far is an artillery click?
A "click" is the same for artillery as it is for infantry. In actuality it is a "Klick" in reference to a Kilometer or 1,000 meters
What effect will the length of string have on the trajectory of the artillery?
it will throw me far
What effect will the length of the string have on the trajectory of the artillery?
it will throw me far
How far could a 19th century rifle fire?
1500 m or so
What was the most common weapon in World War 1?
The Lee enfield rifle was the most common as it was cheap, had cheap ammo and could fire far and quite fast.Hope this helped :)
How did new technology make defenses such as trenches necessary?
The machine gun had a huge impact. It could sweep all the area between two armies mowing down everything. Previously the rate of fire depended on the number of soldiers on each side and how fast they could fire individual shots - so the rate of fire was much lower. Trenches provided protection of an army from the small arms fire of the other side. Advances in artillery also made trenches advantageous. When an artillery shell fell, it would spread its damage great distances in all directions. Soldiers in trenches were largely protected from the explosions of the artillery shells which had to fall almost exactly on the trench and could only do damage laterally. Trenches were never straight but were dug in a zigzagging or stepped pattern. Later fighting trenches broke the line into firebays connected by traverses. This meant that a soldier could never see more than 10 yards (9 m) or so along the trench. Consequently, if a bomb or shell landed in the trench, the blast could not travel far.
How many pages does Fire World have?
"Fire World" by Chris d'Lacey has 560 pages.
