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Since coal is underground, it must be mined in order to be used. Many coal beds are near the surface. Special machines remove the top layer of soil and rock to expose the coal. This type of mining is surface mining. Some coal lies deep below ground, requiring miners to dig long shafts into the ground. Miners ride elevators deep below the surface to dig out the coal.

About 92 percent of the coal that is mined is used to generate electricity. Power plants burn coal and use the heat to boil water into steam. The steam turns large turbine blades, which generate electricity. Manufacturing plants use about four percent of the coal to make plastics, tar, fertilizers, steel, and medicine. The remaining coal is shipped oversees to other countries.

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Q: How is coal turned into electricity?
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