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Fetal toxoplasmosis may be treated by giving the mother pyrimethamine and sulfonamides such as sulfadiazine during the later second and third trimesters.
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What prenatal tests can detect toxoplasmosis?
Prenatal tests for toxoplasmosis include a blood test for maternal antibodies; testing of the amniotic fluid and fetal blood; and, fetal ultrasound.
What are newborns with toxoplasmosis treated with?
Newborns with symptoms of toxoplasmosis are treated with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine for one year.
How is maternal toxoplasmosis treated?
Maternal toxoplasmosis is treated with spiramycin during the first and early second trimesters of pregnancy.
What is the most serious consequence of toxoplasmosis present during early fetal development?
Toxoplasmosis can cause severe illness or death shortly after birth.
What are newborns with symptoms of toxoplasmosis treated with to protect their bone marrow?
Newborns with symptoms of toxoplasmosis are treated with leucovorin for one year to protect the bone marrow from pyrimethamine toxicity.
What are newborns with symptoms of toxoplasmosis given to reduce inflammation?
Newborns with symptoms of toxoplasmosis are treated with corticosteroids for heart, lung, or eye inflammations.
How are AIDS patients with toxoplasmosis treated?
AIDS patients who have not been infected may be given a drug called TMP/SMX (Bactrim or Septra) to prevent toxoplasmosis infection.
What percentage of women first infected with toxoplasmosis pass it onto the fetal system?
One-third of women who are infected for the first time during pregnancy, the parasite infects the placenta and enters the fetal circulation.
During what trimester is toxoplasmosis most dangerous to the fetus?
The fetal infection rate is above 60% if maternal infection occurs during the third trimester, but the most severe fetal complications occur with first-trimester infection.
What is the prognosis for immunocompromised patients with toxoplasmosis?
The disease can be fatal to all immunocompromised patients, especially AIDS patients, and particularly if not treated. As a result, immunocompromised patients are typically placed on anti-toxoplasmosis drugs for the rest of their lives.
When is it necessary to resort to fetal surgery rather than other techniques?
Open fetal surgery is used for conditions that cannot be treated endoscopically.
How is toxoplasmosis treated in healthy people?
Most individuals who contract toxoplasmosis do not require treatment because their immune systems are able to control the disease. Symptoms are not usually present. Mild symptoms may be relieved by taking over-the-counter medications
