Time is a universal thing, it is always there it is always progressing at the same rate never moving backwards, time may be defined as anything. Before 1960 it was defined as a 'solar day', and a second was defined to be (1/60)*(1/60)*(1/24) of a solar day, then in 1967 we changed to the atomic clock which measures vibrations of cesium atoms, now one second is defined to be : 9192631770 times the period of vibration of radiation from the cesium-133 atom.
like i said time may be defined by anything
Technically yes, but it is too small to measure with any accuracy, though it can be calculated.
No body knows at this time.
Yes the Earth does rotate like the other planets (except for the distance of the rotation(assuming your talking about the rotation around the Sun); the wobble of the Earths axis compared to other planets; and the time it takes to rotate)
The other planets are not similar to dwarf planets.
They have very minor gravitational effects. Not noticeable but can be calculated.
Technically yes, but it is too small to measure with any accuracy, though it can be calculated.
No body knows at this time.
All the planets of our solar system are believed to have formed at about the same period in time.
it can affect the time bec. when the planet is near the sun it will rotates very fast than the other far planets....
distance / time
Yes the Earth does rotate like the other planets (except for the distance of the rotation(assuming your talking about the rotation around the Sun); the wobble of the Earths axis compared to other planets; and the time it takes to rotate)
what do you mean use other planets?
Yes.
At this time we have no evidence of any extraterrestrial life.
No. It holds for other planets, and for any other situation where one objects orbits another - for example, moons orbiting planets, stars orbiting a black hole, etc.