Yes. All female mammals have periods.
no her 3rd
Yes.
until the female has giving birth
A female dog has one vagina. It is between her hind legs and below the anus.
Yes as long as the larger dog is the female
Some can, but not for long periods of time or distance.
As long as it is not a female dog it is. Male dogs are called "Dogs". Female dogs are called "Bitches". See the related questions "What is a dog when it's not a dog?" and "Is my dog a dog?" for more information on these interesting questions.
I personally think that no dog should be left out in the heat for long periods of time....
gestation periods for canines are 9 weeks.
Yes. This is referred to as " heat " or "in season " . This is the time to mate your female if you want pups, or keep her in seclusion if you don't want her bred. There are sanitary products for dogs at any pet shop or supply store.