no. Latex paint is flexible and remains so after curing. Alkyds dry to a solid, non-flexible surface, causing it to usually crack when put over a latex
If the wood stain is oil based, good luck with that. Latex will dry over dry oil base, but not the reverse. Oil based paints need to penetrate the wood, which is obviously not possible with latex in the way. If the stain is water based, you should have a firm drying in about two hours, permanent in 24.
Yes, but only if the stain is a few years old and really dry. You have to wash the stain thoroughly to remove the chalked pigments and then prime it to seal the checks in the wood. One disadvantage of stain is that it will not keep the wood from checking as it dries. Either a latex of alkyd primer will work well. You can then paint it with your latex top coat.
There are stains specifically intended to go over paint. Unless you used one of those, no, it will not dry properly.
24 hours
yes as long as the paint is dry.
If you are looking for a faux antique finish you can use stain over latex paint to achieve it. The latex must be completely clean, grease/oil free and dry. The oil based stain, usually in a dark brown colour, is applied with a brush and then rubbed in with a clean absorbent cloth. In this process most of the stain is removed, but what remains settles in the cracks, crevices and corners and simulate the look of the accumulated dirt of years, hence the "antiquing."
Not really. Stain needs to absorb in to a wooden surface. If the surface is covered with anything it will reject the oil that carries that stain colour. It will dry against the surface but because its not fully adhered it will come off
For as long as it takes for the surface to be completely dry.
yes you can i dont worry about what type of paint is on walls as long as it is dry it dont matter
Yes, as long as the latex paint is clean and sanded to a dull finish.
Most stains, be they latex or oil based are transparent or semi-transparent, using a primer under it would eliminate the possibility of seeing the wood beneath the stain (which is usually why stain is used).A primer is used over oil based paint when you want to switch over to use latex based paint on the same surface.