Asked in Conditions and DiseasesGeneticsCell Biology (cytology)
Conditions and Diseases
Genetics
Cell Biology (cytology)
How many chromosomes are in one human cell?
Answer

Wiki User
December 30, 2010 5:08PM
46 single chromosomes which is 23 pairs of chromosomes in one human body cell.
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How many chomosomes in your body?

In a normal Human body cell (not a gamete) there are 46
chromosomes. This is not the same number of chromosomes in our
bodies, only in one cell, and there are trillions of cells in the
human body.
In a gamete (a sperm cell or egg cell) there are 23 chromosomes.
When the sperm and egg cell nuclei fuse in fertilisation, a diploid
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What is the difference between a body cell and a sex cell in terms of number of chromosomes?

Human cells have 46 chromosomes (call that 2n, or 2 times n).
Now then, if an egg cell + sperm cell = fertilized egg (which
becomes a human), how many chromosomes do each have? An egg cell
must have 23 chromosomes, and a sperm cell must have 23
chromosomes, because 23 + 23 = 46. When the egg (23) and sperm (23)
combine to form a fertilized egg, this egg will now have 46
chromosomes. So human sex cells have n, or 23 chromosomes.
If you mean to distinguish somatic chromosomes from sex
chromosomes, then you have 22 pairs of somatic chromosomes plus one
pair of sex chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes.
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How many chromosomes does a gamete have compared to a somatic cell?

I will assume that you mean human cells. Somatic cells are
diploid (2n), containing two sets of chromosomes, one of paternal,
one of maternal origin. Gametes, on the other hand, are haploid
(n), with a single set of chromosomes, ie. half as many as the
somatic cell. Now, the haploid chromosome number (n) is
characteristic of the species, and in humans this number happens to
be 23. Therefore a human gamete has 23 chromosomes, and a human
somatic cell 23 pairs, or 46 chromosomes.