Countries representing about 80% of the earth's population have either signed or ratified the Antarctic Treaty.
There are either 195 or 196 countries in the world today, depending on whether you count Taiwan. As of 2014, there are 50 states party to the treaty. That leaves 145 or 146 countries which haven't signed.
There are zero countries in Antarctica -- there is no government there - national, state, provencial, or local. Many countries claim lands in Antarctica; the claims overlap in some cases and some areas remain unclaimed. The Antarctic Treaty governs all the earth south of 60 degrees South Latitude, and the treaty is subscribed to by governments representing about 80% of the earth's population. The Antarctic Treaty was ratified by the final signatory country in 1960. It continues in full force and effect today.
Today, governments representing 80% of the earth's population are signatories or have ratified the Antarctic Treaty with 53 parties in 2016. Originally, and in 1961 when it was finally fully executed and put into effect, it reflected the interests of twelve nations, including Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States.
There are natural resources in Antarctica and none can be used, based on the Antarctic Treaty, which dedicates the earth south of 60 degrees South latitude to science. The treaty specifically prohibits exploitation of natural resources.
Whalers work aboard ships to kill and butcher whales. Their work would take them as far into the southern ocean as the icebergs would allow. Today, there is no commercial whaling allowed in Antarctic waters, per the Antarctic Treaty.
Antarctica is governed by the Antarctic Treaty (1961), which governs all land and ice south of 60 degrees S. It's management is effective today and requires no additional administration.
Everywhere - apart from the Arctic and Antarctic.
I think is today
All raw data regarding the health of planet earth is the greatest Antarctic resource being used today.
Everywhere - apart from the Arctic and Antarctic.
The treaty has been superseded by events. :)
the treaty of waitangi is very important but it sucks