180 degrees per stroke.
90 degrees would be a half stroke.
Yes, if by "720 degrees of crankshaft rotation" you mean "two rotations" Here is a great animation of a four-stroke at work: http://www.animatedengines.com/otto.shtml
rotation of the crankshaft
The crankshaft converts the linear motion of the piston into rotation of the crankshaft.
Looking at the front of the engine. The engine/ crankshaft will turn clowkwise.
The four-stroke engine produces 1 power stroke for every 720 degrees of crankshaft rotation.
The rotation of the push rods have to always rotate in a certain direction. It is relative to the crankshaft. Looking at the front of the typical V8 engine, the crankshaft will move on a clockwise direction. I hope I answered your question.
The crankshaft sensor on a 2001 Chevy Silverado 8100 is located on the bottom of the engine, near the starter. It constantly monitors where the crankshaft is in its rotation.
Harmonic balancer Flywheel
It depends on the type of engine. In a four-stroke engine, there are four strokes - intake, compression, power (combustion), and exhaust - required to complete one full rotation of the crankshaft. In a two-stroke engine, there are two strokes - compression/ignition and exhaust - needed to complete one rotation.
Assuming by crankshaft bolt you mean the one at the front of the engine which usually retains the front drive-belt pulley: It is always threaded so that it is tightened in the opposite direction to rotation of the engine. Hence loosened by turning in the same direction as the engine's rotation.
Standing in front of the vehicle looking at the engine, the crankshaft rotates clockwise.