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How are nuclear reactors kept safe?
There are many safety procedures put in place to keep a nuclear reactor safe, first of all control rods are used inside the reactor to stop the fission reaction running out of control and melting the reactor core, constant water(coolant) is kept pumping around the reactor cool and to help soak up some of the neutrons and x-ray scans are used to check that there are no natural cracks inside the reactor.
What Materials are needed to build a nuclear reactor?
Steel for the pressure vessel and pressure circuits, concrete for shielding and structural foundations etc, uranium and zirconium for the fuel. These are the main materials, of course there are many components like control rods and actuators, pumps, valves, instruments and so on.
What is the difference between inductor and inductance?
Inductors can be used for a great many purposes. Terms, such as 'choke', 'reactor', etc., describe applications of inductors.
What is diff between Assembly and class library?
Number of dll files between the 2 terms. Class library is an abstraction or general term to describe the assemblies that are common used by applications. It is consisted of many assemblies, not just one. An assembly is a dll with manifest. It may be specialized, and may not be a "library" assembly. However, any assembly can be one of the library assemblies (like you can have any book as a part of your private library collection), if you want to do so. For example, I have created some library assemblies that maybe useless outside of my work area, yet they have been very powerful and handy within my team.
Who invented the first nuclear reactor in India?
The nuclear reactor wasn't invented in India. Nuclear power was being researched in England, Germany, Austria, Russia and the USA during the 1930s and 1940s. Idaho was the location of the first electricity generation using a nuclear reactor in 1951 with Russia operating the first to supply electricity to a grid. India's entry to nuclear power generation followed many years after the intial development work has been completed.
A large modern nuclear power plant has approximately how many fuel assemblies in its core?
There are about 121 to 193 fuel bundles loaded into a PWR reactor core. If you are talking about a BWR, that ranges from 368 - 800 fuel assemblies per core.
How many fuel rods in a reactor?
The number of fuel pins in a reactor will vary depending on its design and objectives. In one reactor that I worked with, I seem to recall 137 fuel assemblies, with four bundles each, with 62 fuel pins each. That translates to 33,976 fuel pins in the reactor, each about 12 feet long.
How many gallons of fuel does a nuclear submarine hold?
A nuclear submarine has a reactor . There is no liquid fuel at all.
How many pounds of uranium are in a nuclear reactor?
The quantity depends on: the type of the reactor, power of the reactor, enrichment of uraniu, chemical form of the fuel, etc. For a research reactor some kilograms, for a power reactor more than 100 tonnes/year.
How many methods are there to give heat to the reactor?
If you mean a nuclear reactor, and not a chemical one, there is only one way, and that is by nuclear fission in the fuel
How many fuel assemblies in its core does a large modern nuclear power plant?
It depends on the particular design and the design objectives. One plant that I worked at had 137 control rods, each having four bundles, for a total bundle count of 548 assemblies. Each assembly had 62 fuel rods and two water rods in an 8 x 8 matrix.
What element is a reactor fuel?
Uranium-235 or Plutonium-239, or Uranium-233. Also many transuranics, like Americium make good fuel.
How many layers of containment are needed for nuclear energy?
It depends on the particular design, but most modern designs have four layers of containment.The zircalloy fuel pin itselfThe reactor pressure vesselThe primary containmentThe secondary containment
Limitation for Control rod in absorbing neutrons?
Control rods are designed usually to be effectively 'black' which means they absorb all incident slow neutrons, by having enough boron or other material in them to do this. The nuclear physics effect that this has on the reactor will then depend on the geometry of the arrangement, ie how many rods are provided in what sort of array and in how many places in the reactor compared with the array of fuel assemblies. This is decided by the nuclear design of the reactor, there are now adequate physics design programs to calculate what is required for a particular reactor. For safety the control rod capacity must be enough to always be able to shutdown the reactor and hold it down with an adequate margin, whatever the reactor state, which varies with refuelling and burnup when neutron absorbing fission products are taken into account. So it is quite a complicated calculation but one that can be done with certainty.
How many fuel assemblies does a large modern nuclear power plant have in its core?
It varies, according to the design, but one that I am familiar with had 544 bundles, made up into about 130 some odd assemblies each comprising four bundles and one control rod. It was a 2400 MW Thermal BWR. (850 MW Electric). I would imagine that some of the newer or larger plants would have more.As an example, Millstone Unit 3 in Connecticut, a 1227 MWe PWR licensed in 1986, contains 193 fuel assemblies, each containing 264 fuel rods, each 12 feet long.As another example, Nine Mile Point Unit 2 in New York, an 1140 MWe BWR licensed in 1987, contains 764 fuel assemblies. The number of fuel rods per assembly and the length of each fuel rod is not part of the public domain.
How many fuel assemblies does a large modern nuclear plant have in its core?
It varies, according to the design, but one that I am familiar with had 544 bundles, made up into about 130 some odd assemblies each comprising four bundles and one control rod. It was a 2400 MW Thermal BWR. (850 MW Electric). I would imagine that some of the newer or larger plants would have more.As an example, Millstone Unit 3 in Connecticut, a 1227 MWe PWR licensed in 1986, contains 193 fuel assemblies, each containing 264 fuel rods, each 12 feet long.As another example, Nine Mile Point Unit 2 in New York, an 1140 MWe BWR licensed in 1987, contains 764 fuel assemblies. The number of fuel rods per assembly and the length of each fuel rod is not part of the public domain.
What are their advantages and disadvantages of Nuclear and Breeder Reactors?
You can't compare and contrast nuclear reactors and breeder reactors, any more than you can compare a lion with a mammal. A lion is one example of many mammals; a breeder reactor is just one example of many types of nuclear reactor.
