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It shaves a belt.
If an idler pulley is broken, I would advise not to drive it anywhere. It would effect the power steering, water pump, alternator and coolant fan causing you to get stuck on the road and possibly cost many more $$ in damage.
Yes, washers can rust. I have seen many rusty washers.
You need an "OEM Pulley tool" that enables you to install the pulley. (Autozone "rents" them for free with a $30 deposit (as of 01/08/09) You can also match a bolt, washers, and nut to install it. You will probably need an impact wrench since many pulley are made of plastic and you can break it if you use a screwdriver to keep the pulley from rotating as you rotate on the center bolt to install the pulley.
Pulley machine type of many! Machine have many pulley, many pulley machine! Type machine, many pulley type. Pulleys, type pulley machine many type. Machine.
Best to get a shop manual for this operation, if you have not replaced it before. Usually there is an "Idler Pulley" on many late model cars that is "spring loaded". You "Bias" this pulley using the big nut in the middle of the pulley (usually with a socket wrench) so that the serpentine belt has enough slack in it so you can remove it. Install new belt by reverse procedure. TommyTrouble
there can be any amount of ropes on a pulley
there are many advantages of pulley and they are it change the direction of force
2 copper crush washers one under the head ...one after the bolt passes thru the line block.
your questoin is not specific, there are many pulley's
i have a Pontiac grand am 2002 se and i just changed my brakes and the brake lines have 2 washers on them