Billions ! Take an average engine speed of 6,000 RPM - that would be 3,155,760,000 in just one year !
The piston cylinder bore, times the cylinder stroke, times the number of cylinders gives you the specific displacement for a particular engine.
Basically by taking bore times stroke = the area of the piston times the length it can travel in the cylinder, which gives the volume. Admittedly, you're missing out a little of the space in the cylinder head, but that volume can't easily be calculated due to its shape.
The cylinder that you are checking must have the piston travel up and down 4 times are more.
Add an ounce of engine oil in each cylinder on top of the piston and turn over a couple of times with the plugs out to lube and seal the rings.
The most common cycles are the 2 stroke and 4 stroke. One cycle means the pistion inside of the cylinder will move fron one end to the other 2 times in a 2 stroke engine and 4 times in a 4 stroke engine. 2 cycle 1. intake and compression - air/fuel is drawn in and compressed by the pistion moving to the top of the cylinder 2. combustion and exaust - compressed air/fuel is ignited and gases expelled as pistion moves to the bottom of the cylinder 4 cycle (spark ignition engine) 1. intake - exaust valve(s) are closed then the intake valve(s) open and air/fuel is drawn in as piston moves to bottom of the cylinder 2. compression - intake valve(s) close and air/fuel is compressed as piston moves to the top of the cylinder 3. combustion - spark plug ignites the mixture and piston moves to the bottom of the cylinder 4. exaust - exaust valve(s) open and gases are forced out as piston moves to the top of the cylinder There is a lot more to this but I hope I pointed you in the right direction.
Multiply the number of square inches times the pounds per square inch. In this case, 5 x 50- or 250 pounds of force.
Calculate volume of entire cylinder, then divide answer by 2.
You get the force exerted by a hydraulic piston by taking the pressure times the surface area of the piston.
In a cast-iron or aluminum block, that material is not hard enough to withstand the wear of piston/piston ring movement. It is a violent explosion that occurs when the spark plugs ignites the fuel/air and the piston moves millions (billions?) of times during the life span of an engine. So the cylinder walls are lined with hardened steel, sometimes stainless steel to tolerate it.
For a right cylinder, the formula for volume is quite simple. It is pi times the radius of the cylinder squared times the height of the cylinder.
That is dependent on the RPM of the crankshaft. The higher the RPM's, the more times per second the piston makes a full stroke.
I cant really understand exactly what you are saying but if you are talking about the motor it varies upon what car you have, but most engines are piston engines that have a piston on top of a rod that is on top of a crankshaft, that moves when the engine is at work, there are 2 valves per cylinder which open at certain times of the engine cycle, it starts when the intake valve opens allowing gas and air mixture to come in when the piston is pulling down it pulls the mixture in, the piston moves back up and causes compression which at the perfect timing the spark plug fires and causes a explosion in the cylinder pushing the piston back down, the exhaust valve opens and the piston moves back up pushing all the exhaust gasses out and restarting the cycle but remember there are more than one piston in a typical car engine so there are many pistons doing a cycle at different intervals keeping the engine running.