NMR isn't really used to determine molecular weight in general. It can be done for certain oligomers by, for instance, determining the ratio of end-group protons to protons that only occur in the "middle" of the chain.
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Mass spectrometry, UV/Vis spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy CNMR spectroscopy, Infra red spectroscopy
the number 3
I believe that you are inquiring about the molecular formulae. The molecular formulae of the compounds you asked about, and the molecular formula of any organic compound for that matter, can be easily determined today compared to 100 years ago. In fact, often, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques or gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) alone are sufficient to determine with near cetainty the molecular formula of a compound. Sometimes, though, one or more tests in the laboratory may be required, especially if the compound contains an element other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. For compounds that are not excessively large or structurally complex, a H-1, or "proton," NMR spectrum alone is sufficient to elucidate the structure, and thus, the molecular formula to a very high degree of certainty. For larger and/or complex compounds that are volatile enough, or that can be made sufficiently volitile through chemical derivation, GC/MS can identify the compound provided its GC retention time and fragmentation pattern matches those of a known compound stored in a computer database. If one wishes to identify a compound that is not volatile or stable enough for a GC, or has probably not yet been discovered such as an essential oil from a rare plant, then NMR is the best tool available for the job. A C-13 NMR spectrum provides the number of carbon atoms in different environments in the molecule. A two-dimensional C-13/H-1 NMR spectrum indicates which hydrogen atoms are bound to which carbon atoms. In closing, NMR techniques are the most popular and powerful tools in use today for determining the molecular formula and three-dimensional structure of an unknown compound.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 was awarded to Richard R. Ernst for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
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The most common methods used for the determination of protein structure are X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy.
NMR Spectroscopy Use molecule Structure FT NMR Use Different No. of mass Structure
Mass spectrometry, UV/Vis spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy CNMR spectroscopy, Infra red spectroscopy
You need to be more specific. Are you asking for a type of spectroscopy? If so, the one you're probably looking for is C-13 NMR, or CNMR. Are you looking for a specific graph of a molecule of C6H12O2? It depends on the peaks on the CNMR graph to actually determine the structure of this molecule. There are over 100 different structures associated with this molecular formula.
Molecules emit electromagnetic radiation in NMR spectroscopy.
Alois Steigel has written: 'Dynamic NMR spectroscopy' -- subject(s): Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
E. Breirmaier has written: '13C NMR spectroscopy'
Jan Schraml has written: 'Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy' -- subject(s): Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
The hydrogen bubble technique involves placing a small amount of hydrogen gas near a sample in an NMR spectrometer. The hydrogen gas creates bubbles that help determine the isotropic line (line width) of the NMR signal, which can provide information about the sample's molecular motion and interactions. This technique is particularly useful in studying dynamics in solution NMR spectroscopy.
Kei Matsuzaki has written: 'NMR spectroscopy and stereoregularity of polymers' -- subject(s): Polymers, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Analysis
J. Reuben has written: 'Paramagnetic lanthanide shift reagents in NMR spectroscopy'