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you need just the right amount of fluoride for optimal health (prevention of cavities). If the water in your area is fluoridated, then usually you do not need supplemental fluoride (you can look this up for your city). If the water is not fluoridated, then you should take supplemental fluoride, though it is most effective if applied as a varnish by a dentist. Too much fluoride can discolor the teeth (fluorosis), so you really shouldn't take supplements unless you know you need them.
Yes, but much less so than NaCl for example. --PhD in materials science.
not much, to a small extend
Most toothpastes do contain fluoride. Usually it is written on the label. Fluoride can give an extra protection to teeth from decay. But it is not recommended for children because if they swallow too much of it, they can develop fluorosis (stains on teeth that are unesthetic but harmless).
There is no given pH for hydrogen fluoride or any other acid or base. pH depends on both how strong an acid or base is and how much of it is dissolved in a given amount of water.
Pure water does not contain fluoride, but much drinking water does contain fluoride that is deliberately added to reduce tooth decay of children who drink the water. Some drinking water supplies also contain fluoride naturally.
There is no "one" specific answer to this as it depends if it comes from an "on demand geyser", "gravity fed geyser" or "high pressure geyser" and the distance between the geyser and the tap
too much. check your levels and get a filter.
Normally potting soils don't contain much fluoride at all. Fluoride is normally found in water, normally at about 5-10 parts per million
It depends on the element size that heats the water. The average 150L geyser uses a 3kW element, which will take about 2.5h to heat the water from cold to 70'C. If you "empty" the geyser twice daily, which is an unlikely maximum, it'll use 15 kWh of electricity.
Not much. Quartz is almost completely insoluble in water.
The size of a chloride ion is much larger than the size of a fluoride ion. CaF2 arranges in the fluorite crystal structure , The holes where these fluoride ions fit in between the closely packed calcium cations are a certain size, which aren't big enough for chloride ions to fit into. Therefore, CaCl2 has to form a different crystal structure that allows for the larger anion size.
A geyser much like a volcano is a mound or mountain of land that has something bubbling underneath the surface. Typically a geyser has water or hot springs that erupt up sporadically like a volcano.
If your child is at the age (younger than 6) which she will swallow some of the paste, it is best to brush with just water. The optimal level of fluoride is 1.1 parts per million. If your area is higher (many are) in fluoride than 1.1 ppm, and you are cooking with said water, best to go with either just water on the brush, or a non-fluoride paste. Too much fluoride can cause discoloration of permanent teeth developing in the jaws.
If you overdose on fluoride such as zymafluor pills, you need to get emergency medical assistance right away.As first-aid, drink plenty of milk or water. Do not induce vomiting.
you need just the right amount of fluoride for optimal health (prevention of cavities). If the water in your area is fluoridated, then usually you do not need supplemental fluoride (you can look this up for your city). If the water is not fluoridated, then you should take supplemental fluoride, though it is most effective if applied as a varnish by a dentist. Too much fluoride can discolor the teeth (fluorosis), so you really shouldn't take supplements unless you know you need them.
Yes, but much less so than NaCl for example. --PhD in materials science.