It depends on a couple of factors, but it can range from none (on a subsonic round) to a couple of grains.
Depends on the caliber, bullet weight, powder charge, and barrel length. Some are relatively slow while others extremely fast.
This depends on the particular caliber, weight, velocity, and construction of the bullet and the "Threat Level" of the body armor. No vest is bullet proof -- the preferred term is body armor.Generally speaking hollow points are much lesslikely to penetrate body armor which will stop non-hollowpoints bullets of the same caliber, weight, and velocity.
Instead of a pointed tip, the tip of the bullet is a somewhat cone shaped hollow.
No, they are not.
Jacketed hollow point.
No
No. They are a lead bullet with a jacket of copper/ nickel alloy.
Yes. For every caliber of ammunition, there is a hollow point round that goes with it, except for .50 caliber machine gun and sniper rounds.
Hollow Point bullets have a hollow nose or an hole in the nose of the bullet. This causes the bullet to mushroom into a larger diameter when it hits something. A regular bullet is conical or blunt nose in shape. Some can be pure lead or can be jacketed with a bronze or copper coating.
I'm guessing you mean a hollow point bullet, which do general expand when they hit something.
"Less lethal" is a very subjective term, however, a hollow point bullet is generally considered to be more effective in regards to stopping an adversary than a round nosed bullet.
17 grains - ballistic tiped or 20grain in hollow point