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Front axle 12,000, Front tandem 34,000, Rear tandem 34,000 unless it is a spread axle trailer; then it is 40,000 for the two rear axles combined. Total weight not to exceed 80,000 lbs.
Tandem by definition is two. So tandem axle is two axles. Example would be a tractor trailer having two axles next to each other is a tandem axle.
Need to know what states will be crossed and the total weight of the vehicles.
It depends on the commercial vehicle, how it's licensed, the state it's running in, and a lot of other things, but a tractor-trailer combination with tandem axles on the tractor and the trailer can generally carry 80,000 pounds--12,000 on the front axle and 34,000 on the tractor and trailer tandems.
The total weight of the trailer and cargo can safely and legally carry what the axle is rated for, up to 3000 lbs with proper tires.
60:40
A tandem truck usually refers to the amount of axles on the trailer or tractor. A single drive axle on a tractor would be referred to as a single, or the same for one axle on the trailer. I have seen it referred to the amount of tires on the end of an axle. When there are two tires on the end of the axle, that would be referred to as a dual, not a tandem.
If you have a sliding fifth wheel, you can transfer weight from the drive axles to the steer axle by sliding it forward, or you can transfer weight from the steer axle to the drive axles by sliding it back. If you have sliding tandems on your trailer, you can transfer weight from the drive axles to the trailer axles by sliding the trailer axles forward, or you can transfer weight from the trailer axles to the drive axles by sliding the tandem axles back. If you don't have these options, you have to readjust your load.
That depends on the axle configuration. If it a closed tandem typically 17,000. If it is a spread axle 20,000. If it is a single axle (Front of a Semi) typically 12,000. Those would be the "legal weights", but states allow different amounts of weights with a permit for over weight. That all depends on the state. Wisconsin will allow 23,000 per axle.
The amount of weight they'll carry on those axles dictates whether or not they need single or tandem axles.
A Class 8 truck is a vehicle with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of over 33,000 lbs. Single axle trucks with an additional lift axle, tandem axle trucks, tandem axle trucks with additional lift axles, and tractor-trailer dumps are all Class 8 trucks.