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The February Revolution that overthrew Tsar Nicholas II began in Petrograd, Russia when several housewives began a demonstration complaining about shortages of food and having to stand on line for hours in the cold to get bread. Sometimes their efforts went for nothing.

Other residents came out and joined the crowd and it kept increasing in size. Then some soldiers and members of the city garriaon also joined in. By then it was practically a full riot. The Tsar was at the front at the time but he immediately had a train take him back to the city. He was ordering soldiers from the front (World War I was going on) and from the city garrison to stop the riot by military force. The soldiers refused.

Nicholas's train was stopped before it could get to the city and kept out. Nicholas's ministers advised him that he no longer had control of the military or the police and the only option he had to stop the rioting was to give up the throne and allow a civilian government restore order. He resisted at first but finally signed papers giving up the throne once he realized he was powerless. The Tsar had been overthrown.

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Q: How was Tsar Nicholas II overthrown in February 1917?
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