0
With use of diazomethane: RCO2H + CH2N2 → RCO2CH3 + N2addition of acid to alkene: C2H4 + CH3CO2H + 1/2 O2 → C2H3O2CCH3 + H2Oand carbonylation too: C2H4 + ROH + CO → C2H5CO2R
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
Polarity of cholesterol?
Polarity occurs when there are un-bonded electrons within the molecule. Without the alcohol functional group, the cholesterol molecule would be non-polar. However, since there is an alcohol functional group, the oxygen's extra electrons cause this molecule to be polar. This alcohol functional group allows the possiblility of linking with other molecules using an ester or hydroxyl bond.
How do you convert 91 percent isopropyl alcohol to 99 percent?
by using fractional distillation
Who gives oxygen atom in ester synthesis?
It depends on which reaction is used to create the ester. When catalyzing a carboxylic acid with a strong base such as NaOH, then using an alkyl halide, the oxygen is from the acid. R-COOacidH + NaOH -> R-COO-acid + R'X ->R-COOacidR' When using a carboxylic acid with an alcohol or an acid chloride with an alcohol, the oxygen originates from the alcohol. R-COOacidH + R'OalcoholH + HCl -> R-COOalcoholR' R-COOacidCl + R'OalcoholH + Pyridine -> R-COOalcoholR'
What is a benefit to some bacteria that use alcoholic fermentation?
The benefit to using some bacteria for alcohol fermentation is that the bacteria will convert the sugars in the alcohol and carbon dioxide. The sugar will break down to form pyruvic acid and then into ethanol. Without the bacteria, the sugars or glucose would not break down properly, and the fermentation will not work.
How can you favor the formation of an ester when reacting a alcohol and carboxylic acid?
A dehydration reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol using an acid catalyst:R1COOH + R2OH --> R1CO-OR2 + H-OH (water is driven away to drive the reaction)This is done by using the alcohol's oxygen as a nucleophile and forming a tetrahedral intermediate. Most importantly--the -OH group of the carboxylic acid must become a better leaving group by protonating it to become -OH2+ group.Esters can also form using base as a catalyst.R1COO-+ R2OH --> R1CO-OR2 +-OH
Test for ester?
Acid hydrolysis using sulphuric acid and water (equilibrium reaction). The ester splits into a carboxylic acid and alcohol, protons donated from the acid. The solution can then be distilled and the remaining acid can be checked using UV indicator. Acid hydrolysis using sulphuric acid and water (equilibrium reaction). The ester splits into a carboxylic acid and alcohol, protons donated from the acid. The solution can then be distilled and the remaining acid can be checked using UV indicator.
Polarity of cholesterol?
Polarity occurs when there are un-bonded electrons within the molecule. Without the alcohol functional group, the cholesterol molecule would be non-polar. However, since there is an alcohol functional group, the oxygen's extra electrons cause this molecule to be polar. This alcohol functional group allows the possiblility of linking with other molecules using an ester or hydroxyl bond.
How do you convert 91 percent isopropyl alcohol to 99 percent?
by using fractional distillation
Who gives oxygen atom in ester synthesis?
It depends on which reaction is used to create the ester. When catalyzing a carboxylic acid with a strong base such as NaOH, then using an alkyl halide, the oxygen is from the acid. R-COOacidH + NaOH -> R-COO-acid + R'X ->R-COOacidR' When using a carboxylic acid with an alcohol or an acid chloride with an alcohol, the oxygen originates from the alcohol. R-COOacidH + R'OalcoholH + HCl -> R-COOalcoholR' R-COOacidCl + R'OalcoholH + Pyridine -> R-COOalcoholR'
How is soap manafactured using sodium hydroxide?
Soap is manufactured in this way using a process called saponification of fats. Fats fall into a category of compounds called esters, molecules formed from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. In the case of a fat the alcohol is glycerin (glycerol) and the acid is a fatty acid. Here is the generic, two-step equation for the saponification of an ester with a hydroxide (R represents the rest of each acid and ester). OH- + RO2-OR --> RO2H + RO- The ester is split into the corresponding acid and alkoxide ("salt" of an alcohol). RO- + RO2H --> ROH + RO2- Since ethoxides are highly basic they are quickly neutralized by the fatty acid. Resulting in the corresponding alcohol (glycerin) and fatter acid salt (the soap). The glycerin is then separated out.
What is the best way to celebrate without alcohol?
There are many ways to celebrate without the use of alcohol. Popular alternatives include creating virgin drinks (cocktails without alcohol), or using non-alcohol substitutes such as non-alcoholic beer or non-alcoholic coolers.
How do you Measure alcohol content using hydometer?
i have got a hydometer but not sure of how to convert the readin on the side can u help?
How do you convert infix to postfix without using data structures?
Without data-structures you cannot even store expressions, let alone convert or evaluate them.
How do you make wine without yeast?
You cannot make wine without yeast of some form. Yeast is necessary to convert the sugars in fruit juice into alcohol. Without yeast, alcohol production is not possible. Even the colloquial form of winemaking that takes place in institutions of incarceration utilizes naturally occurring yeast, or may be rudimentarily "jump-started" using bread yeast.
How do you convert vts to mpeg without using a converter?
you can't. That's why there are converters.
What is the difference between trans-esterification and esterification processes in methyl esters?
esterification -----> ROH + R'-COOH -------> R'COOR acid with alcohol gives ester transesterification ROH + R'COOR'' -------- > R'COOR change of alkyl group present with R'COO by using a alcohol if you want to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transesterification Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. H3C-COOH + HO-CH2-CH3 → H3C-COO-CH2-CH3 + H2O Transesterification is the process of exchanging the alkoxy group of an ester compound with another alcohol. These reactions are often catalyzed by the addition of an acid or base.
What types of Alcohol are made without using fruit?
Bear because Barly is a grain
