The Persians were defeated, as they were forced to withdraw from Greece without fully accomplishing their objectives.
The Greek city-states of peninsular Greece and the Aegean.
The Battle of Marathon was the first attempt , and first defeat , by Persian forces to subjugate Greece . The Persians were defeated by the Athenians at Marathon , Greece .
The Persians invaded mainland Greece and faced a combined fleet and army of some Greek city-states, including Sparta. The Persians were defeated at sea and on land.
No, Greece was not a colony to another country in recent history. However, in ancient history, Greece was subjected to colonization by various ancient powers such as the Persians, Romans, and Ottomans.
In the strait between the island of Salamis and Attica, known as the Battle of Salamis, where the Persian fleet was defeated in 480 BCE. The following year in 479 BCE there was a land battle at Plataia where the army of the Persians and their Greek allies was defeated.
The Persians did not control Greece. They had scores of Greek city-states in Asia Minor within their empire.
The Persians were defeated and went home. However the war went on for another thirty years.
Without the Persians to threaten Greece, the Greeks went back to doing what they had been doing; fighting among themselves. Sparta defeated Athens. Thebes defeated Sparta. Finally, the Macedonians from the North defeated Thebes and added all of Greece to their empire, thus forcing them to unity. Later, Greece became a province of the Roman Empire, the Eastern Roman Empire, and the Ottoman Empire before gaining its sovereignty the 19th Century.
Greece was comprised of hundreds of city-states. A couple of hundred banded together over 50 years and defeated Persian attempts at domination, forcing Persia to agree to stay out of their territories.
Marathon was a plain. Athens and its ally Plataea defeated a Persian punitive expedition on the plain.
No Greek king conquered Persia as there was no kingdom of Greece, and no king. King Alexander of Macedonia defeated the Persian Empire and made it into an empire of his own. Judah was a small state within that empire.