1. Internal Sources:
Internal sources of data are those which are obtained from the internal reports of an organization. For instance, a factory publishes its annual report on total production, total profit and loss, total sales, loans, wages to employees, bonus and other facilities to employees etc.
2. External Sources:
External sources refer to the information collected] outside agencies. It can be collected from primary as well as secondary sources; type of information can be collected through census or sample method by conduct! Surveys and investigation.
For instance, to study the problem of transportation in Orissa, if we obtain the information from Orissa Road Transport Corporation, it would be known as external sources of data.
Viruses self-assemble, but elephants (perhaps) self-organise. Self-assembly doesn't need external input energy perhaps in self-organisation extranal energy input is required to form patterns.
The financial flexibility, the business risk and taxes are some of the factors that influence a companyâ??s budget. The management style is also important.
§ DFD means data flow diagram.§ Significant modeling technique for analyzing and constructing information processes.§ A DFD illustrates technical or business processes with the help of the external data stored, the data flowing from a process to another, and the results.Note: for design DFD need particular sw like E DRAW..Mamta singla
A CSS (Cascading Style Sheet) contains information about page formatting. It can include data related to every HTML element. For example, it can define the font face, size, and color of the <h1> tag.
1. Understand and define the context and external interactions with the system. 2. Design the system architecture. 3. Identify the principal objects in the system. 4. Develop design models. 5. Specify interfaces.
There are six steps on how to conduct an external business environment. Some of the step-by-step instructions are collect the information, analyze the information that was collected, and then identify the opportunities that exist externally.
External users demand information from the organisation inorder to make investment decisions.If the organisation is doing well it attracts more investors thus increasing the wealth of an organisation.
How a manager manages internal and external environment of the organisation?
external stakeholders of a business are government, local, community, pressure, groups and the media.
internal = inside business external = outside business
Extenal users of information are the users that are not involved in the day to day operations of the organisation. internal users are the ones who who are responsible for the operations of the organisation
Pg 222 in mis
Internal users of information are those business units within the organization. While, external users of information are those business linkages (outside) of the organization.
Internal: Employees External: Customers, and suppliers.
The users of accounting information are divided into two categories:- 1) internal users 2) External users 1. INTERNAL USERS These are the management and employees' of the organisation. - Management/managers need accounting information to assist them in making different decision concerning the business. eg. changing the product line, increasing production or sales of a certain product, expanding its operation or reducing its coverage etc. - Employees need accounting information in order to know their productivity, whether their earnings will be increased in the future, whether the business is able to pay their wages/salaries etc. 2. External Users These are the users apart from those within the organisation who need accounting information so as to make their own decision in relation to the bosiness/organisation. example of those external users are customer, suppliers, bankers of the business, competitors, tax authorities, investors, the government etc. Some the external users and their information needs are:- - Customers need information such as whether the business will continue to lender them services or not, and the ability of the business to meet their orders at the specified time. - supplier need accounting information so as to know whether the business will be able to pay their debts for the goods or services sold or lendered to it , and the time the business will take to pay its debt. - Investors need the accounting information so as to decide whether they should invest with the business, whether withdrowing their investments and or increase their investment in the business. - tax authorities need accounting information so as to predict/calculate how much will be received from the business as tax, or to increase or decrease tax payable by the business.
challeges facing external communication
Accounting is a language of business because it communicates all the financials information about working of business to external users.