Because the birth-rate exceeds the death-rate.
they are one and the same
the founder affect.- got it from SI
Certain geographic features isolate a small number of individuals from the rest of the poopulation. Variations that are not common with the larger poopulation may become common with the isolated population so that the variations can create new breeds in the isolated part of the population.Therfore, not only can evolution take place in the crowded areas but also in the isolated part of the population.
Although the dynamics and evolution of a single closed population are governed by its life history, populations of many species are not completely isolated and are connected by the movement of individuals (immigration and emigration) among them.
species
Species.
If the population do not or can not conform to the normalities of that society.
Speciation
Population
Isolation is often the precursor to the generation of a new species or subspecies. Small populations of isolated individuals can go through genetic drift, a condition where a considerable change in the phenotype/genotype of the population occurs in one or two generations. Prolonged isolation could yield substantial change if environmental pressures are different in the isolated region compared to the larger population from which it separated.Snow Leopards are an example of changes in coat thickness, coat color, tail length and fat storage which are adaptations to an alpine environment. Whether the progenitors of the Snow Leopard were isolated from the main population during glaciation, marginalized individuals that migrated where they could fill an unoccupied niche, out competed the previous niche holder or some combinationof these possibilities the result is the Snow Leopard.
Isolated populations can lose genetic diversity through genetic drift. This is because some alleles can be lost by chance. Many more homozygous individuals are likely.
Mutations