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If there are n processes and each process waits p time in waiting state then CPU utilization is?
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What is CPU sheduling algorithm?
Basically,this is a need in case of multiprogramming.For optimum utilization of CPU it should be utilised in the meanwhile time when some process is in waiting state for some I/O or waiting for some event to occur. So,for this many programs should be in memory in waiting state so that CPU can be allocated to some other process for optimum utilization of CPU. A schedule(time table in broad sense) which will decide Cpu will be allocated to which process when some previous process is in waiting state. Now this schedule is designed according to some criteria(algorithm) to decide CPU will be allocated to which process. Some Algorithms: 1.First Come First Serve(FCFS) 2.Shortest Job Scheduling(SJS) 3.RoundRobin Scheduling(RRS)
What is Process transition in the Operating system?
Moving from one process state(like Ready state, running state, termination state) to another process state. Process transition may occur due to different purposes like if a process: waiting for I/o operations, waiting for data from disk(moved to blocked state from running state and stays there until data extraction process in not over), or if there left no instruction in the process to be executed....then it moved to termination state from running state, If a process is in running state and at that time it is interrupted by another process, then process move from running state to ready state(join queue again and waiting for its turn again).
Why is the process table needed in a time sharing system?
From memory: Process table holds all the processes in the machine - that are either 'waiting' or 'ready' to be processed. A time-sharing system gives processes a time-slice or quantum. Processes can only be executed within this time frame, once it expires, the CPU receives an interrupt signal, the CPU saves its current state in the current process and focuses on the interrupting entity (another process). The scheduler adds/removes new processes to/from the process table as it goes. I think that's the gist of it~
Can we determine the state of a process by the hardware or queues that this process is associated with at a given time?
yes. ready state in ready queue, waiting state in waiting queue , only one exception is the running state, no queue corresponding to .
Different states of a process?
In computing, if a processor is running and doing a number of activities, those activities are known as its states. As a processor executes, its state changes. There are number of states like New state i.e. creation of new process, Running state i.e. execution of instructions, Waiting state i.e. its a state where processor is waiting for some activity to occur, Ready state i.e. in this a particular process has acquired the resources and is waiting to be assigned to a processor, Terminated state i.e. the execution of a process has completed.
What are the Process states?
A process which is Executed by the Process have various States, the State of the Process is also called as the Status of the process, The Status includes whether the Process has Executed or Whether the process is Waiting for Some input and output from the user and whether the Process is Waiting for the CPU to Run the Program after the Completion of the Process.The various States of the Process are as Followings:-1) New State : When a user request for a Service from the System , then the System will first initialize the process or the System will call it an initial Process . So Every new Operation which is Requested to the System is known as the New Born Process.2) Running State : When the Process is Running under the CPU, or When the Program is Executed by the CPU , then this is called as the Running process and when a process is Running then this will also provides us Some Outputs on the Screen.3) Waiting : When a Process is Waiting for Some Input and Output Operations then this is called as the Waiting State. And in this process is not under the Execution instead the Process is Stored out of Memory and when the user will provide the input then this will Again be on ready State.4) Ready State : When the Process is Ready to Execute but he is waiting for the CPU to Execute then this is called as the Ready State. After the Completion of the Input and outputs the Process will be on Ready State means the Process will Wait for the Processor to Execute.5) Terminated State : After the Completion of the Process , the Process will be Automatically terminated by the CPU . So this is also called as the Terminated State of the Process. After Executing the Whole Process the Processor will Also deallocate the Memory which is allocated to the Process. So this is called as the Terminated Process.
What is a dead lock in os?
A process request request resources ,and if the resources are not available at that time ,teh process enters a waiting state.Sometimes ,a waiting process is never agian able to change state,becoj teh resources it has requsted are held by other waiting process .This situation is called deadlock.
What will happen if kernel tries to wakeup the processes but there are no such process?
The kernel always knows what processes exist and in what state they are, so it won't try to wake up processes that don't exist.
How a Round Robin scheduling algorithm allocates the CPU to processes?
The round-robin scheduling algorithm allocates CPU time to processes by sequentially assigning the CPU to processes of equal priority that are in the state of being able to use the CPU. (Not blocked) This works by appearing to evenly distribute the CPU amongst CPU ready processes. Processes that are waiting on something, such as an I/O event, particularly waiting on the user to press Enter, are not considered for allocation. Often, there is a priority assigned to the process, which factors in the allocation strategy. Processes that are mostly I/O intensive tend to have higher priority, giving them good response time. Processes that are mostly CPU intensive tend to have lower priority, so they don't interfere with overall system responsiveness.
State why strict non-preemptive scheduling is unlikely to be used in a computer centre?
Once the CPU has been allocated to a process, the process keeps the CPU until it releases the CPU either by terminating or by switching to the waiting state. In a general purpose computer system, users share the CPU and care about system responsiveness. If the system uses non-preemptive scheduling, some users may sit before the monitor for several hours without doing anything other than waiting for the set of processes in front of them in the system queue to finish. So, strictly non-preemptive scheduling is unlikely to be used in a general purpose computer system.
Who enacted the utilization review of 1977?
state legislature
Is melting of ice a physical process?
Yes, changes of state (melting, boiling, freezing, condensing) are physical processes.
