From outside in:
Cornea-->Anterior chamber and Pupil-->Lens-->Vitreous-->Retina (10 layers but simplified = ganglion-->bipolar-->photoreceptors (rods/cones)).
Note: anatomically the ganglion cells of the retina are reached first by light; however, transduction occurs in the opposite direction from photoreceptors to bipolar cells to ganglion cells (this answer is very oversimplified).
Light enters the eye through the cornea, which is the transparent outer covering of the front of the eye. The cornea refracts the light, bending it toward the pupil. The light then passes through the pupil, which is the adjustable opening in the center of the iris, and reaches the lens of the eye. The lens further refracts the light to focus it on the retina at the back of the eye.
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea.
Cornea
how does light effect your eye? In a compound light microscope? The light passes through three lenses between the light source and your eye. The first lens is the condenser lens.. The second lens is the objective lens. The third and final lens is the Eyepiece, also known as, the ocular lens. This is the lens you look through. These are the lenses that light must pass through to get from the light source to your eye.
You can't without knowing the source of the light as candelas have an allowance for human eye sensitivity built-in, and that varies from light source to light source. For any given light source you can find a lumens per watt figures and work back from that as a lumen is adjusted to human eye sensitivity as well.
The closer a light source is to your eye, the brighter it appears - intensity included. The closer you are to the source, the larger the angle of the cone; your pupil as the base and the source as the point. The larger the angle from the point, the more light entering your eye. Too close to the source and your retinal area becomes the limiting factor.
Well, there are countless. In fact, any source of heat is also a source of light, although not always visible to the human eye. Nevertheless, a light bulb is a good example. Or the sun. Or any other star. Or, well, just name it...
pupil
Pupil
The pupil.
pupil
Light enters the eye through the small opening in your iris called as pupil. In the night time the pupil dilates to give you more light in your eye.
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea.
The pupil is the part of the eye through which light passes.
Cornea
As light enters the eye, it strikes the receptor cells of the retina, called the rods and cones.
The light moves from the source in a straight line to an object and then moves into the back of your eye to your retina.
pupil