Indentureship is not a direct equation to slavery. The brutality, magnitude and scale of slavery defies any such comparison.
However, the system of indentureship bears the inheritance of slavery, in that its features and practice were a result of slavery -- the transportation of individuals valued only as bodily labour from one end of empire to another, where plantations benefitted from displacement and domination (e.g., where office of the Protector of Slaves morphed into Protector of Immigrants).
Indentured labourers were not forced in chains to board boats, but neither was it completely voluntary. The ambiguities and complexities--e.g., colonial forms written in English, necessarily signed by thumbprint by those who did not understand the roman script, and therefore could not provide informed consent to travel to unknowable destinations-- makes a binary between forced and free untenable.
In the wake of Emancipation, the sugar industry panicked. Planters tried to find a legal means to secure still dependent yet "free" laborers. For planters (colonial oppressors), this was not a choice between slave or free labour, but rather a double-bind between 'no labor' (i.e., understandably many of the former enslaved did not wish to work on plantations) or "bound coolie" labor. Milliroux (1877) characterized the choice facing planters in the post-Emancipation era thusly: "Some [planters] proposed the adoption of ploughs, excavators, and other instruments worked by steam power; others, the introduction of the largest possible number of machines, each with the power of two arms and of a good back-bone, called immigrants" (p.36). Clearly, ideas of subservience were not abolished with emancipation.
Both indentureship of East Indians and African slavery involved coerced labor under harsh conditions, limited personal freedoms, and a lack of autonomy. Both groups suffered from exploitation, abuse, and discrimination at the hands of their colonial masters. Despite some differences in their historical context and legal status, both systems were forms of exploitation and subjugation.
In 1775, the population of the American colonies was around 2.5 million people, and approximately 500,000 were African slaves.
The majority of African slaves were sent to the Americas, particularly to regions in the Caribbean, Brazil, and the Southern United States, to work on plantations producing labor-intensive crops like sugar, tobacco, and cotton.
Slaves typically had traditional African names given to them by their parents, but slave owners often Anglicized or changed their names to suit their preferences. Some slaves were given names based on the region they were from in Africa or after famous figures. Many slaves also adopted surnames of their masters, leading to a mix of African and European names.
In some African societies, children of slaves could be sold as property alongside their parents. The practice of selling slaves, including children, was common in many parts of Africa due to factors such as war, debt repayment, or as a means of economic exchange.
Free African slaves were allowed to own property, enter into contracts, marry, and pursue education. However, they still faced discrimination and limited social mobility due to prevailing racial attitudes.
African slaves
The Indians.
Yes
Because most Indians back then could not understand English and the africans worked harder than the Indians.
Indians died too quickly Slaves didn't
Indians died too quickly Slaves didn't
Yes! Many times especailly to the Spanish and Chris Columbus the Indians were slaves. -Roundrupert they were also during the antebellum period. but then they were to hard to ketp so they stop and got African American slaves.-geo Lopez
They were used as slaves like African citizens
Indians in the local , European most African Slaves when the time their comes from South Africa
African slaves were brought in to replace the Native West Indians who died off working on Spanish plantations. This was due to the devastating effects of diseases brought by Europeans and harsh working conditions in the plantations.
to replace Indian slaves with African slaves
Slaves weren't bought, they were stolen, killed, and taken. They had no choice in the matter. Colonists from America tried to enslave Indians, but the Indians knew the land to well, and ran away. African Americans had no place to go!