Although cyano isn't a very good leaving group (it IS a fantastic nucleophile, however), it is still better than an alcohol. The only way you can make an alcohol a good leaving group is to activate it somehow. Methods range from simple protonation (making [H-OH]+ - water) in an acidic environment, to tosyl-/mesylation to make OTs/OMs, to activation with a phosphorous reagent, etc.
Alcohol
In chemistry CH3 is the methyl group and OH is the alcohol group so CH3OH is methyl alcohol etc.
hydroxyl group or alcohol
It is all alcohol. That is the name of a type of alcohol. It is a fatty/waxy alcohol (-OH group)
It depends upon the leaving group, that catalyst is suitable which has the attraction towards leaving group.
I think you mean a cyano* group Anyway; the carbon is triple bonded to the nitrogen with a free electron making the cyano group [CN]-
Bromine is bulky when compared to chlorine and hence a better leaving group.
Based on pKa, hydride would be better (~35 vs. ~45), but there are very few reactions where either would act as a leaving group.
The prefix cyano- typically indicates the presence of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom, forming a nitrile functional group. It is commonly found in compounds such as cyanide and cyanocobalamin.
The chemical mechanism of the esterification reaction requires the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate. Upon collapse of said intermediate it is imparative that the leaving alcohol group be protonated. Otherwise it will not make a good leaving group and the alcohol group will be more likely to leave than the hydroxy group. Without the strong sulfuric acid to protonate the alcohol group on the tetrahedral intermediate the reaction essentially reproduces its own reactants again resulting in no observable reaction.
emigration
emigration
Cl- is the superior leaving group because halides form the most stable anions. The stability of an anion reflects its ability to bear a negative charge and accept electrons, which is the function of a good leaving group.
Alcohol is under hydroxyl group
Alcohol
In chemistry CH3 is the methyl group and OH is the alcohol group so CH3OH is methyl alcohol etc.