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There is no moon IN the Earth. There is one moon ORBITING AROUND Earth.
The answer depends on what "it" is and the overall context. The answer could be the centre of the earth where the earth's gravity has no effect, or the Lagrange point where the gravitational forces of the moon, earth and sun balance each other.
The average distance from the earth to the moon is approx 384,000 km. However, the moon's orbit around the earth is elliptical and at its closest, the moon is approx 363,000 km away while at its furthest it is 407,000 km away. So, at 50,000 km per hour, the average distance would take 7.68 hours. The minimum distance would take 7.26 hours while the maximum would take 8.14 hours. But, spacecraft do not go to the moon is a straight line - they first orbit the earth and use the earth's gravity as a kind of slingshot to propel them towards the moon. This may not be the shortest route but it is much more efficient.
The moon orbits the earth in such a way that the same side of the moon is facing towards the earth at all times. A fancy way of describing this is that the moon rotates once when it orbits the earth once. Rocks returned from the Apollo lunar landings are made of the same material as the rocks on earth. Scientists now believethat the moon was created when another object slammed into the earth back when the earth was still very hot and had a much thinner crust. The moon is a combination of the earth at that timeand the object that hit us. That is why the moon rotates once with evey revolution.
Both the Sun and the Moon have an apparent size of about half a degree, seen from Earth.
No
Yes. High tides happen on the point on earth closest to the moon, and the opposite side of the earth.
Because the Earth is rotating, the "closest point" to the Moon will be changing all the time. Also, the Moon is moving in its orbit, of course.
The point closest to the moon and the point exactly opposite it on the other side of Earth both have high tides, while the 'sides' of the Earth, in between the high tides, have low tides.Because the moon only has a force on Earth's oceans.
The Moon orbits over the tropical areas, within about 28 degrees of latitude north or south. The point on the Earth which is absolutely the CLOSEST to the Moon would be the point when the Moon reaches its "perigee". But that point moves as the Moon orbits the Earth.
Apogee is the point at which the moon is farthest from the earth where as perigee is the point at which the moon is closest to the earth.
Perigee
The point is called a perigee.
That would be at the moment of the New Moon closest to perihelion, which happens to be the one closest to New Years day or January 2. The moon is then in between the Earth and sun, while the Earth/Moon system is closest to the sun.
A high tide.
AP
Perigee