YES it is a primary succession
the pioneer plant stage
Lichen eat away at rocks.
Lichen. A lichen is a producer that is actually composed of two different species, a fungus and an alga. The alga photosynthesizes, while the fungus absorbs nutrients from rocks and holds water. Together they begin to break down the rock.
Lichen produces acid that breaks down rocks that it grows on throughout it's life cycle. Also when it decays it produces soil
lichen
Success is when life is established after a disaster in an area. Primary succession starts when things like glaciers and volcanic eruptions strip away soil and leave bare rock for pioneer species like lichen and moss to spread their seedlings. Secondary succession begins from soil being left from things like forest fires and like Primary succession it uses pioneer species like grass and bushes to spread and rebuild.
the pioneer plant stage
Primary succession is one of two types of ecological succession and biological succession of plant life, and occurs in an environment in which new substrate, devoid of vegetation and usually lacking soil, is deposited (for example a lava flow). (The other type of succession, secondary succession, occurs on substrate that previously supported vegetation before a disturbance destroyed the plant life.) In primary succession pioneer species like mosses, lichen, algae and fungus as well as other abiotic factors like wind and water start to "normalize" the habitat.
lichens could be primary succeion but i,m not sure check in other part cause this is not working
lichens could be primary succeion but i,m not sure check in other part cause this is not working
Lichen is the base in the chain of succession. It starts at lichen, the moves on to moss, then to small plants, and so on.
Lichen
Steps involved in primary succession in a temperate habitatExposed rock is colonized by lichens and other organisms capable of surviving extremes of temperature and moisture.Repeated cycles of growth, death, and regrowth cause establishment of soil, favoring colonization by annuals.Annuals lead to colonization by softwood, leading eventually to hardwoods in temperature forests.
ggv
Steps involved in secondary successionIn each of the previously-mentioned phenomena, the top soil, which may have taken 1000's of year to form, is not destroyed.Spores and seeds which lie dormant are then allowed to develop.Sequence may be crabgrass, tall grass & horseweed, softwood, hardwood
Primary Succession - Succession that begins in an area with no remnants of an older community.During primary succession, species (known as pioneer species) colonize barren areas. One ecological pioneer that grows on bare rock is lichen-a mutualistic symbiosis between a fungus and alga. Over time, lichens convert, or fix, atmospheric nitrogen into useful forms for other organisms, break down rock, and add organic material to form soil. As lichens add organic matter and form soil, mosses and other plants can colonize and grow. As organic matter continues to accumulate, other species move in and change the environment further. Over time, more and more species can find suitable niches and survive.
Primary succession is when there is a brand new area formed where no life has previously been. When new land is created by lava froma volcanic erruption, it is barren. So, in your example, the order of events would be: 1, 2, 4, 3. However, the first stage in succession is generally considered when the first life takes hold, for example, when you see the first pioneer species like a lichen. Therefore, I'm not sure what the writer of the question is looking for because I don't really see a correct answer. While #1 is the first thing to occur, it's not really the beginning of succession until life shows up. #3 mentions life decomposing, but life hasn't begun yet in 1, 2, or 4.