Windows, MacOS, and Linux are the most common.
Linux is just an OS (Operating system like macOS, android, Windows...). But the different things are that Linux is a bit hard to learn. Linux is used by hackers (Linux is a "hacking machine", a bit like hacking in movies. And yes u can play games on Linux (There is some games that doesn't support Linux.)
You don't run macOS applications on Linux unless there's a Linux port. As far as Windows goes, there is Wine. Do note that it's not an emulator and it won't run perfectly with everything.
Platform-dependent (Windows, Linux, AIX, MacOs etx), but gcc seems to be a safe bet.
If the application is designed to be cross-platform and/or open-source, then it will run on macOS. Otherwise, it would not work.
Both Windows and Linux hosting is powerful. If you use ASP or .NET then you should use Windows hosting platform. If you do not, then you can use the more affordable and more popular Linux hosting platform.
Logical volumes do not have the same restrictions as physical volumes, regardless if it is created in Windows, Linux, MacOS, or any other operating system. The specific details of advantages of a LVM will be documented on their official project site.
Linux is not an power full Operating system XP is the most powerfull operating system
Linux is a Unix-like system. This means that it is inspired or influenced by Unix in some shape or form (Linux started off from Minix), but it is not directly derived from Unix. However, BSD is based on Unix, and macOS is indirectly Unix-based because of its mixed heritage with BSD.
You just type the commands in and press Enter - very much like Microsoft's Powershell and Command Prompt, or macOS's Terminal window (which itself runs on Bash)
Linux is more powerful then windows
Macs are designed to function best with Mac OS X and the associated iLife software (iPhoto, iMovie etc.) but they can happily run Windows or Linux. Rather than change a Mac to the another operating systems you can run Windows using an emulator (Xp, Vista and 7 - use "Sandbox"). But for professionals that want more out of excellent hardware, Linux has tools for most - without the need for "Appstore". So, i run MacOS one one partition, have installed "REFIt" that enables triple boot: MacOS, Windows and Ubuntu Studio. I have installed some more eyecandy Ubuntu, music and video editing software, and this can access the MacOS HFS file system - and even fix it (install all the "hfs" tools). But things that I like, such as the Docking, is installed, but the top, shared menu line that changes for the window that is active, has been replaced by a "Windows-like" menu. The "ext4" filesystem is aparently more robust than hfs. There are some issues with the using the journalling in hfs from Linux, so be careful. Otherwise, things like email should be able to use the same files. I can "see" all my MacOS files from Linux, and all the Windows files - and when I need a MacOS tool, it is just to reboot and run MacOS - or Windows (this is usually just emulated in "Wine"/"Vm").