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yes
A fence around the pool
You can. but you should not leave an in ground pool empty for any period of time. Ground water building up around it is capable of even lifting an empty concrete pool out of the ground.
no
You have to call your local health dept. to find out what your particular city codes require. I do not think that you can attach a fence to the above ground pool.
It is important to have where nobody can get to the pool without going through a gate.
If the ground on the outside of the pool is is reasonably wet you may find that water will seep into the pool where it leaks. Be careful with an empty pool ground water can make them float up and out of position if you do not have a hydrostatic valve in the bottom.
I've not heard of one that does not also require a fence.
The pool should stay empty for as short a time as possible. When the pool is empty the walls are subject to relativley extreme changes in temperature, compared with the stable temperatures of water. Shrinking and expanding (with temperature changes) of the pool wall surface will result in cracking. You then face the joys and expense of repairing the cracks. The bottom line is: Empty the pool only when you need to, do whatever you intended to do while the pool is empty - and start refilling it immediately. Just wanted to add that a pool left empty can "float"..that is to say it pops out of the ground, rising above ground level several inches or more. The ground surrounding the pool, especially if it is wet, is heavier than the pool surface, and puts pressure on the pool walls, which could cause tehm to crack, or "float" the pool. Having said that, I had my pool empty for a long time before I had it re-plastered and nothing happened to it. :)
If a pool is left empty, it will lift partially out of the ground due to moisture under the pool after a heavy rain.
The pool has popped out of the ground because it was was forced up by ground water. If a pool is left empty ground water can build up underneath it causing the pool to start to float, Whenever a pool is drained a way of getting rid of ground water has to be set up otherwise there is the risk of this happening.
Pool Fencing LawsLaws pertaining to the fencing of a pool area differ depending upon the type of pool you have and which county you live in. Certain cities and towns have additional requirements for pools in their jurisdictions. However, all pools---whether above or below ground---need to be fenced in with a proper latching system. An in-ground pool must have a fence around every side. Most ordinances require the fence to be at least six feet high. If your pool is above ground, you have two options. Option one is to have a ladder that detaches from the pool platform when not in use. Option two is to have a fence at least six feet high around the ladder leading to the platform.