They are called "insulators" and include such materials as glass, rubber, plastic, nylon, dry wood, ceramic, air, etc.
Insulators.
Note that "electricity" doesn't flow, only current does, which is one aspect of electricity, does. Current is the flow of electrons. Good conductors are metals, such as copper or aluminum. Materials that allow the flow of electrons, but not as freely as good conductors are known as semiconductors. These are primarily silicon or germanium, that is "doped" with specific types of impurities to allow their current to be better controlled by the application of a voltage. Heat will also increase the flow of electrons in a semiconductor.
They are usually called semi-conductors.
Conductors are materials that will allow electricity to flow through them. Materials that contain 1, 2, or 3 valence electrons are good conductors. Some examples of good conductors are gold, silver, aluminum, and copper. Insulators are materials, or combinations of materials, with a high number of valence electrons (5, 6, 7, and 8). Examples of good insulators are porcelain, glass, air, and rubber.
When a small amount of pentavalent impurity is added to a pure semiconductor , it is called n-type semiconductor , and , when a small amount of trivalent impurity is added to a pure semiconductor, it is called p-type semiconductor.
1. Photovoltaic cells (or solar cells) convert light directly into electricity at the atomic level. These cells are made of semiconductor materials such as silicon. When the climate is sunny, enough energy can be produced to power a 100W light bulb with just one square meter of solar panels. The energy from the photons knock electrons in the semiconductor loose and the electrons flow freely. The flow of electrons creates a current that powers various devices. 2. Passive solar energy is another way to utilize solar energy. It collects heat and light from the sun with walls, floors, windows, and roofs to control the amount of energy from the sun that the building absorbs. Only the building's materials are used to absorb the sun's energy, which is why this technique is called passive solar energy. Specially designed windows, for example, can allow passive solar heat to pass and stay inside the building in the form of heat. 3. Many households use solar energy to heat water. The sun heats up the cold water that pass through collectors. The collectors are usually on roofs to collect as much possible sunlight as possible.
Because of freely moving of electrons in the material
conductors
Transparent materials allow light to freely pass through them. Translucent materials also allow light to pass through them, but change the colour of the light.
insulator...as opposed to a conductor which does allow electrons to travel freely within it.
Freely moving electrons.
A materiel that allows an electric charge to pass through it is an conducter (copper, for example)
Metals are materials in which particles (electrons) can freely move. If you mean bigger particles (such as atoms or molecules), then liquids and gasses allow easy movement
Note that "electricity" doesn't flow, only current does, which is one aspect of electricity, does. Current is the flow of electrons. Good conductors are metals, such as copper or aluminum. Materials that allow the flow of electrons, but not as freely as good conductors are known as semiconductors. These are primarily silicon or germanium, that is "doped" with specific types of impurities to allow their current to be better controlled by the application of a voltage. Heat will also increase the flow of electrons in a semiconductor.
Conductors, such as metals.
yes
Because such metals allow electricity to flow more freely through them than it can flow through most other things (wood, for example, is a poor conductor).
Materials that do not allow electric currents to pass are called insulators.