Name the raw materials for ship building industry?

Answer 1

Shipbuilding MaterialsShipbuilding steel is the most common material. It is to meet rather strict requirements: strength, flexibility, high manufacturability, weldability, cost, reparability, etc. Steels used in the domestic shipbuilding industry differ in high cold-resistance, good welding characteristics and increased fracture strength. Special cold-resistant welding consumables were worked up for new steel grades.

Last years, new class of high-strength corrosion-resistant nitrogen-alloyed steel grades were elaborated. Owing to difference in interaction of atoms of carbon and nitrogen with atoms of iron, steel acquires unique physicochemical and operating properties (high strength, flexibility, absolute corrosion resistance, non-magnetic behavior). Nitrogen steels differ in good welding characteristics and manufacturability, both in metallurgical production and shipbuilding.

Structural aluminum alloys with increased corrosion resistance as well as aluminum-based composite materials became common use in construction of high-speed sea and river vessels, as well as airfoil boats, hydrofoil ships and aerostatic crafts.

Owing to their properties, titanium alloys became common use in marine facilities. Distinctive characteristic of their usage is wide spectrum of operational environment with long service life. In addition to it, the diversity of types of half-finished items used in ship structures manufacture is very important.

Zinc is rather corrosion-resistant material both in air and in water. Rolled zinc is used in inboard planking of ship rooms. Also, thick plates of rolled zinc are used in manufacture of protectors. Zinc coating becomes common use in corrosion prevention for metal surfaces of ship systems.

Environmental safety of new ships is ensured with usage of non-metallic materials with low emission of chemical compounds into water and air. So, various kinds of fiberglass plastics are used in construction of hulls of some vessels (trawlers, sweepers, high-speed airfoil and hydrofoil ships, and yachts). The main property of the fiberglass plastics is their chemical and biological stability. Strength and technological properties, improvement of working conditions, and reduction of costs of workroom air ventilation are their advantages.

New polymeric and metal-polymeric composition materialsgive possibility to produce non-composite or partly rigid hull structures of sandwich-constructions with high-tensile steel or fiberglass outside layer and polymeric or low-tensile composite interlayer. Such hulls become common use in building of modern high-speed vessels.