/etc/syslog.conf
The first file system Linux supported was the MINIX file system.
resolve.conf
CUPS is the de-facto network print service for Linux and Mac. Certain windows versions can connect to it also (unless you have XP home or some other crippled version) Native Linux file transfers might occur over HTTP (Web server) FTP (FTP server) scp (ssh server) NFS (NFS 'network file system' server) SAMBA (Samba file and print service for Windows, also works as a client for win servers) Of the five, NFS is probably the preferred Linux file server (especially in a Linux/mac/Unix only environment), because you can mount the server directory on the client and it will appear as a local directory. For true compatibility with windows, there is one answer to both questions: SAMBA. Samba uses the same Small Message Block (SMB) protocol that is native to Windows clients. It is a Linux and Mac implementation of NetBios, NT File Server, NT Print Server, and Active Directory server and client all rolled into one.
/etc/passwd
ext3 is the default file system for Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
if the server has ssh, use scp. there are some good scp clients for windows, and mac has it built in.
One could find information online regarding Linux file servers at the HowToForge website. The site covers everything one would need to know about Linux file servers.
The pros and cons of the Linux file system include the quote saying "On a UNIX system, everything is a file, if something is not a file, it is a process". You can consider this either a pro or a con.
The NTFS file system is supported in Linux by both a kernel module and several userspace programs. It is not supported as a root file system and is not recommended for permanent file storage.
The Linux VFS (Virtual File System) may be thought of as a sort of interface between the Linux kernel and the mounted file systems. There can be many different file system types mounted simultaneously and VFS allows the Linux kernel to see and address them all in a similar way. This provides Linux with a great deal of flexibility. [JMH]
The Linux ext3 file system is the default system in many linux derivatives. It allows for journalling, which the ext2 system did not. It also allows in-situ upgrades without asking for a backup first.
Traditionally in /usr/src/linux.