Sparta and Athens had been allies for some time. Sparta helped Athens in its struggle for democracy in late 507 BCE, and had also sent its army to help Athens at Marathon in 490 BCE 10 years earlier but had arrived too late for that battle. Athens was not present at Thermopylae, its forces were committed to manning its navy at the simultaneous battle of Artemesium. So the answer is False - Athens and Sparta were allies long before joining other southern Greek cities which united to repel the Persian invasion, and remained allies until 460 BCE when they had a falling out.
The Ancient Athens Government was structured by the council of 500 people, the Assembly and finally the court. I hope that this information will help you.
that Athens gradually took most of the power and became the head of the delian league which is why Sparta broke off
There were several flashpoints - the disputes over Kerkyra (corfu), Potidaia and finally Athens' ruinous banning of Megara from trading within the Athenian empire. Sparta, at the behest of its allies, demanded lifting of this ban and Athens refused.
Sparta was the leader of a confederation mainly in southern Greece (now called the Peloponnesian League) set up to oppose the empire set up by Athens, to protect its member cities from encroachments by Athens. When Athens continued to intervene in these cities affairs, finally over Megara they demanded Athens cease, and as it refused, war broke out.
At Thermopylai (Hot Springs), a pass on the east coast of Greece opposite the strait between the maniland and the island of Euboia, just south of the Malian Gulf. The Battle of Thermopylae, 480 BC , was fought at Thermopylai , Greece . ~ See related link below .
120 miles/192 km.
120 miles/192 km.
Athens was not involved in the delaying action at Thermopylae Pass. Its manpower was fully occupied manning its fleet as part of the southern Greek fleet at the battle of Artemisia Holding the Pass at Thermopylae was designed to force the Persians to try to outflank the bottleneck by sea, and the Greek fleet was waiting to pounce. The Greeks lost the sea battle and the Thermopylae force, its mission no longer relevant, was withdrawn. This exposed Athens to the advancing Persian army. They evacuated the city and it was occupied by the Persians. So Athens was not helped by Thermopylae.
The Persian army directed by their king Xerxes I.
Thermopylae was a minor sideshow - the Persians rolled on and captured Athens. The invasion was decided at Salamis, Plataea and Mycale.
No, they defeated the Greek fleet in the nearby strait of Artemesion and broke through the Greek blocking force at Thermopylae, capturing northern Greece and going on to take Athens.
The Athenian navy was part of the southern Greek fleet which fought the sea battle at Artemesion in the strait next to the pass of Thermopylae. The Athenian component was commanded by Themistocles.
Thermopylae means hot gateway Thermo-pylae Thermo: θερμος hot pylae :ancient πύλαι, modern πύλες :gateways, entrances It was used because it was the ''entrance '' to the mainland of southern Greece (where Athens and Sparta where)
In fact they crushed the Greek delaying force at Thermopylae an also defeated the Greek navis in the nearby Strait of Artemesion. After both these victories, they moved into southern Greece and occupied Athens.
Under Xerxes I the Persian army captured Athens following the battle of Thermopylae. The Persian king to conquer Athens , was the famous Persian king called Cyrus.
It did not. Athens was occupied by the Persians, its people evacuated and given refuge in southern Greek cities and its forces were embarked on its fleet to help defeat the Persians at sea.
After defeating the doomed Spartan/Greek rear guard led by the Spartan king Leonidas at the narrow pass of Thermopylae the Persians went on to raid the Greek countryside and burned the Greek City-State of Athens . Afterwards , the Persians returned home .