What does each part of the plant cell do?

Answer 1

Nucleus- Usually shown as an oval or circle, the nucleus is the 'control center' for cells. It contains the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of the cell. DNA is carries the genetic information for that particular cell.

Nucleolus- Within the nucleus is believed to be the nucleolus, an organelle responsible for ribosome production.

Mitochondria- These organelles are the 'powerhouses' of the cell. ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is the primary source for transferring energy within a cell. ATP is converted into energy by the mitochondria, producing ADP (Adenosine diphosphate). Mitochondria are present in plant and animal cells.

Ribosome- These organelles are integral to overall cell function. Ribosomes create proteins (which make up many things) out of chemicals called amino acids.

Vesicles- These parts, similar in make up to the cell membrane, transport liquids throughout the cell.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum- This membranous feature is connected with the nucleus and transports important packages around it. Vesicles will then carry packages over to Golgi apparatuses. The ER has its name because ribosomes cling to it, giving it a non-smooth appearance.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- Similar in shape to the RER, the smooth ER is primarily responsible for making chemicals called lipids and carbohydrates.Both of these chemicals are integral to cell function.

Golgi Apparatus- This organelle serves as a literal 'post office' for the cell. Like UPS, it packages and transports molecules to their destinations throughout the cell.

Vacuoles- Vacuoles are usually only present in plant life, not animals, like humans. These vacuoles contain water, toxins, enzymes, and other particles for storage.

Lysosomes- These are your 'garbage disposal' organelles. They break down food particles, like vacuoles, for usage by the cell.

Centrioles- These organelles play an important role in cell division, or mitosis. They are present during this time, and their primary function is to move the chromosomes to the poles of the cell.

Cytoplasm- This fluid fills the cell and is responsible for helping to keep shape and hold organelles in place.

Cell membrane- Cell membranes (sometimes called phospholipid bilayers) are composed of two (hence the prefix 'bi') layers made of phospholipids and proteins The lipids form the selectively permeable layer (meaning only certain particles are allowed through). Proteins are built into the layer, which facilitate the movement of particles into the cell.

Cell wall- The cell wall is a function found only in plants. This cellulose layer helps keep the rigid, square shape of plant cells.

Chloroplasts- Chloroplasts are organelles within plant cells which contain chlorophyll, a chemical which is imperative to the proper function of photosynthesis. Chloroplasts only exist in plant cells.

Answer 2

Both animal and plant cells contian a cell membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, Golgi complex and mitochondria. Plant cells have the addition of cell walls, vacuoles and chloroplasts.

Cell membrane-holds the contents of the cell together and allows thing in and out accordingly (is made from phospholipids)

Nucleus-main body of DNA (control centre of the cell)

Ribosomes-make proteins

Golgi complex-transform proteins into more comlex molecules and transort these out of and into cells

Mitochondria-create energy through aerobic respiration

Cell walls(found only in plant cells)-are made of cellulose and keep the cells rigid

Vacuoles(found only in plant cells)-are filled with a sap like liquid that helps keep the structure rigid

Chloroplasts(found only in plant cells)-like mitochondria, they turn one kind of energy into another using photosynthesis

Answer 3

ribosomes perform protein synthesis; Golgi Apparatus label and package materials; Endoplasmic reticulum moves materials throughout and has a role in protein synthesis and production of lipids; lysosomes contains digestive enzymes; mitochondrion has a role in circular respiration and produces ATP; and vacuole is fluid filled.

Answer 4

Plant Cell: cell memrane, cell wall, vacuole, vesicles, nucleus, nucleolus, mitochondrian, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, chromosomes.

Animal Cell: all the same but without a cell wall, and chloroplasts

Answer 5

tissue, nucleus, cytoplasm, vacuole, mitochondria, cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplast.